Book Boxes Midterm #2

Question 1

Maxwells complete theory showed that _____ and _____ forces are not separate, but different manifestations of the ______ _____.

Answer 1

electric, magnetic, electromagnetic force

Question 2

examples of waves

Answer 2

water, earthquakes

Question 3

Electromagnetic spectrum: Rules of Thumb

Answer 3

1. High frequency EM waves are more energetic and can penetrate more than low frequency
2. High frequency can carry more information per unit time
3. Shorter wavelength can resolve smaller details

Question 4

ways to make x-rays

Answer 4

electrons accelerated in evacuated tube by high positive voltage. Electron strikes metal plate. Energy lost is one close to the nucleus, later an electron from a higher shell takes its place and emits an xray

electron strikes a charged plate and x ray is created

Question 5

at _____ frequencies EM radiation also exhibits particle characteristics

Answer 5

high

Question 6

What prevents light from being transmitted between fibers in a bundle (total internal reflection)?

Answer 6

cladding

Question 7

Dispersion

Answer 7

splitting of waves into varios wavelengths. Occurs whenever the speed of propagation depends on the wavelength

Question 8

units of diopters

Answer 8

1/m

Question 9

all attempts to observe the size and shape of objects are limited by the _____ of the probe

Answer 9

wavelength

Question 10

how do polarized lenses work?

Answer 10

long chains of atoms form the slits. When an EM wave comes through, the electrons in the atoms oscilate and obsorb the energy from the EM wave, reducing its intensity.

Question 11

michelson morley experiment

Answer 11

speed of light in a vacuum is independent of th emotion of the earth about the sun

Question 12

speed of light is constant in a vacuum. Depends on _____

Answer 12

what medium its travelling through

Question 13

real world application of special relativity

Answer 13

GPS. Satelites rely on precise time measurements to communicate, and are adjusted for time difference before they send you signals.

Question 14

relativistic mass

Answer 14

only way to measure it is when it’s at rest so we assume all relativistic masses are the same as their rest masses

Question 15

Is it dangerous to live near high-voltage power lines?

Answer 15

No

Question 16

massless particles also carry

Answer 16

momentum

Question 17

how do detection systems work?

Answer 17

particle like properties of photons interact with a sensitive area. This enacts chages that forms an image

Question 18

the _____ of matter is responsible for the quantization of energy levels.

Answer 18

wave nature. Only those states where matter interferes constructivley exist. Since there is a lowest orbit where this is possible in an atom, the electron cannot spiral into the nucleus.

Question 19

photon spin

Answer 19

+- 1, electrons 1/2