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Classical Civilisation - The Odyssey > Book 9 > Flashcards

Book 9 Flashcards

1
Q

How does book 9 start?

A

With Odysseus finally answering Alcinous’ question

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2
Q

What are the questions Odysseus finally answers?

A

Who are you? Where do you come from? What is your tale?

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3
Q

What does Odysseus safely reveal?

A

His identity because he has proved his prowess and has ascertained that the Phaeacians have heard of Odysseus.

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4
Q

What specifically does he announce after knowing the Phaeacians know of his identity?

A

‘I am Odysseus, son of Laertes. The whole world has heard of my stratagems and my fame has reached the heaves.’

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5
Q

What does Odysseus then start to talk about?

A

His tale

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6
Q

What is the first thing Odysseus talks about in his tale? (2)

A
  1. His 12 ships

2. Reaches Ismarus

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7
Q

Once Odysseus gets to Ismarus what does he do? (2)

A
  1. Sacks the city of the Cicones

2. Divides up the plunder equally among his men like a good leader.

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8
Q

How do some his crew respond to Odysseus after sacking the city?

A

They refuse to leave and outstay their welcome

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9
Q

What are is happening whilst Odysseus is trying to get his men to leave Ismarus?

A

The Cicones are summoning reinforcements

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10
Q

What happens due to the mens stubbornness?

A

A battle is formed, Odysseus loses 6 men from each ship.

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11
Q

How many men does Odysseus lose at the city of the Cicones?

A

72 (6 from each ship and there are 12 ships)

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12
Q

What do they do after the battle?

A

He escapes from Ismarus.

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13
Q

Who sends a storm to Odysseus and his men?

A

Zeus

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14
Q

What do Odysseus and his men do because of the storm?

A

They rest for 3 days

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15
Q

If Zeus hadn’t sent the storm what would have happened?

A

They would have reached home.

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16
Q

Why didn’t Odysseus get back home after the storm?

A

Currents made them drift off course.

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17
Q

Where did the men get to after drifting off course?

A

It took him 9 days to get to the island of the Lotus Eaters

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18
Q

What did Odysseus and his men do once they landed at the Lotus Eaters’ island.

A

Had a meal on the beach

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19
Q

What did Odysseus decide to do once they had finished eating?

A

To send 3 of his men to find out who lives there. 1 as a herald and 2 as scouts.

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20
Q

What do the 3 men discover?

A

The Lotus Eaters

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21
Q

What do the Lotus Eaters offer the men?

A

Some Lotus fruit to eat, this makes the forget about homecoming.

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22
Q

What does Odysseus have to do after the men eat the fruit?

A

He has to force them on board and they sail on.

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23
Q

Where does Odysseus go after the Lotus Eaters?

A

The land of the Cyclops.

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24
Q

5 points the Cyclops’ are described as?

A
  1. Fierce and lawless people
  2. They do not work the earth
  3. But their lands yield wheat, barley and vines in abundance
  4. They have no assemblies for the making of laws
  5. No established legal codes
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25
Q

Where do the Cyclops’ live?

A

In caves, each man is law unto his own family, without any concern for their neighbours.

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26
Q

What does Odysseus spot opposite to the Cyclops’ island?

A

Fertile land

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27
Q

7 things on the fertile land?

A
  1. Forest
  2. Goats
  3. Mountains
  4. Meadows
  5. Safe Harbour
  6. Fresh water stream
  7. Poplar Grove
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28
Q

Why have the Cyclops not inhabited this island? (3)

A
  1. They have no knowledge of ship-making
  2. Trade
  3. Colonisation
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29
Q

What does Odysseus do once he gets to the fertile land?

2

A
  1. Beaches there

2. Sleep

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30
Q

What are Odysseus’ plans for the second day of being on the island?

A

Hunt and feast

31
Q

What does Odysseus decide to after feasting on the island? (3)

A
  1. To go with a select band of men exploring the Cyclops’ island.
  2. To see what kind of men live there.
  3. Whether he can extract a guest gift from them.
32
Q

What does Odysseus see as he is approaching the Cyclops’ island?

A

Crude cave and yard

33
Q

Once landing on Hypereia what does Odysseus do? (2)

A
  1. He disembarks with 12 of his best men

2. Goatskin of excellent strong wine.

34
Q

What do they do after disembarking?

A

They enter Polyphemus’ cave, however the owner is out.

35
Q

What do Odysseus’ men suggest once they enter the cave?

A

To take some of the cheeses and leaves

36
Q

What is Odysseus’ response to taking food and leaving?

A

He refuses, as he wants a guest-gift

37
Q

What do the men do whilst waiting for the owner to return?

A

Help themselves to food uninvited.

38
Q

What happens at the same time as they are eating?

A

The owner returns.

39
Q

What impression does the owner give as he enters?

A

A terrifying one.

40
Q

What does Polyphemus do once he enters the cave? (4)

A
  1. Rolls a boulder over the door, that only he could move
  2. Does his milking tasks
  3. Relights the fire
  4. Spots the men
41
Q

What does the Cyclops say as he sees the men?

A

‘Who are you?’

42
Q

How does Odysseus react to being spotted? (4)

A
  1. He makes a brave reply
  2. Hides his identity thinking on his feet under pressure
  3. Makes a pathetic boast of being veterans of Troy
  4. Misguidedly attempts to appeal to the rules of supplication and hospitality.
43
Q

What is the Cyclops response to Odysseus attempt at Xenia? (2)

A
  1. He laughs at the Gods

2. He cunningly asks for the whereabouts of his ship

44
Q

What is Odysseus’ reply to the location of his ship?

A

Odysseus cleverly lies that his ship has been destroyed and the Cyclops

45
Q

What does Polyphemus do when he hears about the ship? (5)

A
  1. Without reply he dashes two men together like puppies
  2. Tears them from limb to limb
  3. Eats them raw
  4. He then washes them down with unmixed milk
  5. Goes to sleep
46
Q

What does Odysseus do in response to Polyphemus eating 2 of his men? (2)

A
  1. He restrains his heroic instinct to kill the Cyclops

2. As he knows he wouldn’t be able to move the boulder.

47
Q

What does the cyclops do the next morning? (3)

A
  1. He repeats the household tasks
  2. Eats 2 more of Odysseus’ men
  3. Leaves with his flocks, trapping the men by the boulder
48
Q

What did Odysseus do after the Cyclops left?

A

He devised a plan

49
Q

What is Odysseus’ great plan to kill the Cyclops? (5)

A
  1. Use a large olive-wood stake as big as the mast of a 20-oared merchant ship
  2. Smooth it down and add a sharp tip
  3. Harden it to a point in a fire
  4. Hide it under the dung until Polyphemus returns
  5. Choose 4 people plus himself to perform the blinding task
50
Q

After Odysseus had prepared his plan what happened? (3)

A
  1. The cyclops returns
  2. Repeats his homely tasks
  3. Eats 2 more men
51
Q

What does Odysseus give Polyphemus once he returns?

A

He soothingly offers him wine

52
Q

How does the Cyclops take to the offering?

A

He drinks 3 bowlfuls.

53
Q

What does Odysseus finally answer?

A

The questions about his identity as Nobody.

54
Q

What does Polyphemus do now that he knows Odysseus’ name?

A

He gives him the ‘gift’ of eating him last.

55
Q

What happens to Polyphemus after he gives Odysseus a gift?

A

He falls into a disgusting, drunken sleep, with his neck twisted to one side.

56
Q

What does Odysseus do after Polyphemus falls asleep? (2)

A
  1. He heats the point of the stake up

2. Drives it into the cyclops’ eye

57
Q

How is the Cyclops eye described whilst being burned? (3)

A
  1. Hisses
  2. Sizzles
  3. Like a hot axe dipped in water
58
Q

How does Polyphemus act to the burning? (2)

A
  1. Shrieks terribly

2. Calls to the other Cyclopses

59
Q

What do the other Cyclops’ do after hearing the call?

A

They inquire who is harming him

60
Q

What is Polyphemus’ answer to who hurt him?

A

He replies, ‘Nobody’.

61
Q

How do the Cyclopes react to Polyphemus’ answer?

A

They leave him, thinking he is crazy

62
Q

How does Odysseus respond to Polyphemus’ answer? (2)

A
  1. He laughs to himself

2. Racks his brain on a way to escape

63
Q

What is Odysseus plan to escape the cave? (2)

A
  1. Tying 3 sheep together

2. Binding each man underneath each set of 3

64
Q

What does Odysseus do himself to escape?

A

Clings to the belly of the fattest, shaggiest, black ram

65
Q

What happens after they have sorted out the escape plan?

A

They wait until dawn

66
Q

What happens the next morning, after the plan has been devised? (3)

A
  1. The Cyclops positions himself at the door
  2. He feels the backs of each ram as they exit
  3. Never thinking about checking under them
67
Q

What happens when Odysseus exits the cave? (2)

A
  1. The ram is weighed down by Odysseus

2. Polyphemus addresses it in pathetic terms

68
Q

What does Odysseus do once they exit the cave?

A

He released his men from the rams and boards his ship taking the animals with him.

69
Q

What does Odysseus say when they are about to leave the island? (2)

A
  1. He rashly calls out to the Cyclops from the ship

2. He boasts about his intelligence in outwitting him

70
Q

How does the Cyclops respond to Odysseus’ boasting? (3)

A
  1. He throws a boulder in anger
  2. It falls just in front of his ship
  3. Sending it back to shore
71
Q

What do the mend in response to the boulder? (2)

A
  1. They row vigorously away

2. They then get to twice their previous distance

72
Q

What does Odysseus do at the same time they are rowing away? (3)

A
  1. Prepares to call out again
  2. He resists the mens restraints
  3. He harshly reveals his true identity with disastrous results
73
Q

What does the Cyclops do after hearing Odysseus’ true name? (4)

A
  1. The Cyclops curses Odysseus
  2. Explaining how he shan’t return home
  3. Or if he does, that he does so after long suffering and finds trouble at home.
  4. Throws a second boulder at the ship, which falls just behind pushing it.
74
Q

What does Odysseus and his men do after being pushed off the Island?

A
  1. Reach the fertile island
  2. Equally divide the spoils
  3. Sacrifice a Black Ram to Zeus (who takes no notice)
  4. Go to sleep
  5. Set sail the next morning, heavy hearted.

Classical Civilisation - The Odyssey (6 decks)

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