Book 2 - Section 1 Flashcards
What is Tajweed?
Literal meaning is proficiency or doing something well.
Technical meaning is giving each letter of the Qur’an its right and due characteristics when we recite the Qur’an and observing the rules that apply to each letter in different situations.
What is Tarteel?
Tarteel meaning reciting in a slow and measured tone.
What is the Arabic name for mistakes in the Qu’ran?
Al-Lahn is an error or mistake that is made when reciting the Qu’ran.
What is Al-Lahn?
Al-Lahn is an error or mistake that is made when reciting the Qu’ran.
How many categories are in Al-Lahn?
There are two categories:
1.Obvious mistakes – changing a letter or a sign to another letter and changing the meaning of the text.
2.Hidden mistakes – mistakes made in the application of the Tajweed rules. These are of two types:
a. Mistakes that are recognised by those that know the essential tajweed rules i.e. Gunnah or secondary Madd
b. Mistakes in fine details that are recognised by a skilled reciter.
What is a Noon Saakin?
A noon without a Harakah or with a Sukoon above it. A noon saakin is a letter.
What is a Tanween?
A noon Saakinah which comes at the end of the nouns. It is Pronounced but not written. Tanween is a symbol.
What are the rules of Noon Saakin and Tanween?
There are four rules:
1. Izhaar - means to make clear
2. Idghaam - means to merge
3. Iqlaab - means to change
4. Ikhfaa - means to hide
What is Izhaar?
Izhaar means to make clear. The six izhaar letters in Arabic are hamza (ء), ha (هـ), ain (ع), haa (ح), ghain (غ), and kha (خ).
What is Idghaam?
Idghaam means to merge. There are six letter. In Arabic, the “idghaam letters” are: ي (yaa), ر (raa), م (meem), ل (lam), و (waw), and ن (noon), which means that when a “noon sakinah” (silent noon) or tanween is followed by any of these letters, they are merged together to produce a single sound, forming “idgham” (assimilation). YARMALOON.
How many rules of Idghaam are there?
There are two rules:
1.Idghaam with Gunnah – if the idghaam is followed by any of these letters then it is pronounced with a gunnah. ي (yaa), م (meem), و (waw), and ن (noon).
2.Idghaam without Gunnah – if the idghaam is followed by any of these letters then it is pronounced with a gunnah. ر (raa), ل (lam).
What is Iqlaab?
Iqlaab means to change. In iqlaab if the “Noon Sakinah” (نْ) or any letter with Tanween, are changed to the sound of “Meem” (م) when followed by the letter “Ba” (ب).
What is Ikhfaa?
Ikhfaa means to hide. Is any letters other than the izhaar, iqlaab and iqlaab letters.
What is a meem saakin?
A meem without Harakah or a meem with a sukoon. (م) when it has a “sukoon” (ـْ)
What are the rules of meem saakin?
There are three rules:
1. Ikhfaa Shafawi - Hide
2. Idgham Shafawi - Merge
3. Izharr Shafawi – Make clear
What is Ikhfaa Shafawi?
Ikhfaa (hiding) Shafawi involves hiding the sound of the letter “mim sakinah” (مْ) when it appears before the letter “ba” (ب). The sound should be hidden by a gunnah.
What is Idghaam Shafawi?
Idghaam (merging) Shafawi is when a “meem sakinah” (مْ) is followed by a “meem mushaddah” (مّ), the two “meems” are merged into one sound. The merged sound is read with “ghunna”.
What is Izharr Shafawi?
Izhar Shafawi (make clear) is when a “meem” (م) at the end of a word should be pronounced clearly without gunnah. It applies when the “meem” is followed by any letter of the Arabic alphabet except “meem” (م) or “baa” (ب).
What are the rules of noon and meem Mushaddad?
If a meem or a noon has a shaddah, the reciter must make gunnah.
