Book Flashcards
1
Q
Which TOGAF “Certifications” paths are there?
A
- TOGAF 9 Foundation
- TOGAF 9 Practitioner
- TOGAF Enterprise Architecture part 1
- TOGAF Enterprise Architecture part 2
- TOGAF Business Architecture Foundation
2
Q
Which TOGAF “Learning” paths are there?
A
- Integrating Risk & Security in TOGAF Enterprise Architecture
- TOGAF Framework: Digital Specialist
- TOGAF Framework: Agile Specialist
- TOGAF Enterprise Architecture Leader
- TOGAF Business Architecture level 1
3
Q
What is considered as Enterprise?
A
Any collection of organizations that have common goals
- Entire Enterprise
- Specific Area in the Enterprise
4
Q
What may include an enterprise?
A
- Partners
- Suppliers
- Customers
- Internal business units
5
Q
What are examples of an enterprise?
A
- Whole corporation or division
- Government agency or government department
- Group of Countries
- ….
6
Q
Why is an Enterprise Architecture developed?
A
To guide effective change. It provides a framework for change linked to both strategic direction and business value
7
Q
How is Enterprise Architecture used in governance? (2 Answers)
A
- Direct change activity
- Control change activity
8
Q
What does a good Enterprise Architecture facilitate? (4 Answers)
A
- Effective governance
- Management
- Risk Management
- Opportunities
9
Q
What are the key benefits for having enterprise architecture? (5 Answers)
A
- More effective decision making by C-Level executive and business leaders
- More effective and efficient business operations
- More effective and efficient digital transformation and operations
- Better return on existing investments and reduced risk future investments
- Faster, simpler and cheaper procurment
10
Q
Why does enterprise architecture matter? (3 Answers)
A
- Better planning
- Earlier visibility
- More informed designs
11
Q
What is the TOGAF structure based on? (2 answers)
A
- TOGAF fundamental content
- TOGAF series guide
12
Q
Why is the TOGAF standard suitable as framework for Enterprise Architecture?
A
It is a standardized approach and de-risk the activity
13
Q
What provides the TOGAF standard as Enterprise Architecture? (3 Answers)
A
- Standard cycle of change (ADM)
- Building blocks
- Set of guidelines, techniques and advice
14
Q
What are the 4 architecture domains?
A
- Business architecture
- Data architecture
- Application architecture
- Technology architecture
15
Q
Architecture effort can be divided into abstractions levels:
A
- Why - Why is architecture needed?
- What - What functionally and requirement need to be met by the architecture?
- How - How do we structure the functionality
- With what - With what asset we implement this structure
16
Q
Which architecture levels are there?
A
- Contextual - Why
- Conceptual - What
- Logical - How
- Physical - With what
17
Q
What does the Enterprise Continuum deliver?
A
Classification for architecture and solution artifacts.
18
Q
How can you see enterprise continuum?
A
A view of the repository of all architecture assets
19
Q
What are architecture assets (Artifcats)
A
- Models
- Building blocks
- Patterns
- Architecture viewpoint
- …..
20
Q
Which ideas support enterprise continuum? (2 Answers)
A
- Re-use where possible
- An aid to communication
21
Q
What include the architecture repository? (8 Answers)
A
- Metamodel
- Capability
- Landscape
- Standards library
- Reference library
- Governance repository
- Architecture requirement repository
- Solution landscape (SBBs)
22
Q
What defines the content framework? (3 Answers)
A
- A categorization framework
- The work product
- A collection of models
23
Q
What defines the enterprise metamodel?
A
Type of entities and the relationships between entities
24
Q
What is an architecture capability ? (2 Answers)
A
- The ability to develop, use and sustain the architecture
- Architecture governance
25
Where does enterprise architecture establish capabilities? (9 Answers)
- Finance management
- Performance management
- Service management
- Risk & Opportunity management
- Resource management
- Communication & stakeholder management
- Supplier management
- Configuration management
- Environment management
26
What is important with risks
Identify, classify and mitigate before starting
27
Which risks levels are there?
- Initial level of risk - Before defining and implementing mitigation actions
- Resident level of risk - After implementation of mitigation actions
28
What does the TOGAF ADM provides? (3 Answers)
- A tested and repeatable proces for developing architectures
- A method for deriving organization specific enterprise architecture
- It is designed to address business requirements
29
Which ADM Phases are there? (9 Answers)
- Preliminary
- Phase A: Architecture Vision
- Phase B: Business architecture
- Phase C: Information system architecture
- Phase D: Technology architecture
- Phase E: Opportunities and solutions
- Phase F: Migration planning
- Phase G: Implementation Governance
- Phase H: Architecture change management
30
Which deliverable states are there?
- Draft
- Approved
31
How is the ADM iterative?
- Whole proces
- Between phases
- Within phases
32
All the ADM phases can be handled subsequent there is no hard flow (True/False)
True
33
How can you reach governance in the decision framework?
Architecture board
34
What is the key concept to govern the technical architecture
The architecture project
35
For what is the architecture project used?
To direct and control the enterprise architecture team to address issues in the enterprise
36
What are the 2 key concept to govern the architecture project
- Architecture contract
- Architecture requirement specification
37
How is the scope of architecture defined?
- Breadth : What is the fall extend
- Depth : Detail
- Time period
- Architecture domains (business/data/application/technology)
38
Why you should consider architecture alternatives?
It helps architect to extract hidden agenda’s, principles and requirements that can impact the final target architecture
39
Where does TOGAF standard align with agile
In Phase G, where a project is implemented
40
Which resources supports the application of TOGAF ADM
- Guidelines
- Templates
- Checklist
- Other detailed information
41
Which guidelines and technologies help you to the application of TOGAF ADM
- ADM Techniques
- TOGAF series guide
- TOGAF white papers
42
What are architecture principles
General rules & guidelines. These are developed by the enterprise architect in conjunction with stakeholders and accepted in the architecture board.
This is an output of the preliminary phase
43
Which purpose address the architecture principles?
- Enabling decision making
- Aligning the enterprise
- Ensuring governance
- Understanding values and cultures
44
TOGAF includes a recommended template for describing principles
- Name
- Statement
- Rationale
- Implications
45
What makes a good architecture principle?
The beliefs and values of the organization. A few, in number, future oriented, and endorsed and championed by senior management
46
Which 5 criteria distinguish good set of principles
- Complete
- Robust
- Understandable
- Consistent
- Stable
47
Where is the business scenario used for?
To help identify and understand the business requirement that an architecture must address
48
What is the result of a good business scenario?
Representation of a significant business need or problem and enables vendors to understand value of the solution to the customer
49
A business scenario describe?
- Business problem
- Business and technology environment
- The people and computer components who execute the scenario
- The desired outcome
50
Can business scenario used in every ADM Phase
Yes, most likely preliminary phase
51
How does the method look like?
1. Identify
2. Document
3. Make smart
4. Identify participants
5. Identify computer actors
6. Check for fitness-for-purpose
52
What is the purpose of the gap analyse
Document difference between baseline and target architecture. It identifies building blocks of the architecture that are edited, changed or deleted
53
How does organizations see interoperability
- Operational (business) interoperability
- Information interoperability
- Technical interoperability
54
How is interoperability determined in TOGAF
Through all the ADM Phases
55
What is the biggest change to work under architecture
Humans. To accept, change, identify issues and dealing with them in the implementation phase E/F
56
In which phase the “transformation readiness assessment” is recommended?
Phase A: architecture vision
57
What are the recommended activities in the TRA?q
- Determine the readiness factors
- Present the readiness factors
- Asses the readiness factors
- Asses the risk for reach readiness factor
- Work these actions into the implementation and migration phase E/F
58
In which phase risks are identified?
Phase A: as part of the TRA
59
How does the ADM support iteration?
- iteration to describe a comprehensive architecture landscape through multiple adm cylcles
- iteration to describe the integrated process of developing an architecture
- iteration to describe the process of managing change to the organization capabilities
60
Where take iteration place within the adm cycle?
- Projects may operate multiple adm phases concurrently - between architecture phases
- Projects may cycle beween adm phases
- Project may update work products with new information - When details or scope change during proces
61
When wil each phase of architecture be bound?
By a Request of Architecture Work
62
What are the characteristics that frame the architecture landscape
- breadth
- level of detail
- time
63
Which three architecture levels of granularity are there?
- Strategic architecture - Allows for direction setting at an executive level
- Segment architecture - Direction setting and development of architecture roadmap (program of portfolio)
- Capability architecture - Provides organization framework for change and development
64
What defines the term architecture partition
A subset of architecture resulting from dividing that architecture to facilitate the development and management
65
How does partitions help?
Simplify the development and management of enterprise architecture
66
Does the partition reflect on the organization?
Yes, each organization has its own partitions
67
What are the reasons of partitioning
- Organizational unit architectue conflict with on another
- Different teams need to work on different elements of architecture at the same time
- Effective architecture re-use requires modular architecture segments that can be taken into broader architecture and solutions
68
What are 4 purposes that help frame the planning, horizon breadth and depth of the architecture project?
- Architecture to support strategy
- Architecture to support portfolio
- Architecture to support project
- Architecture to support solution delivery
69
What delivers the architecture support strategy?
Enterprise architecture to provide end-to-end target architecture
70
What delivers the architecture support portfolio
Enterprise architecture to support cross-functional, multi-phase, and multi-project change initiatives
71
What delivers the architecture support project
Enterprise architecture to support enterprise project delivery method
72
What delivers the support solution delivery
Enterprise architect that is set to support the solution deployment
73
How does TOGAF standars support the digital enterprise?
It supports and enables the agile environment in delivery and enhancing digital products and services quicker and easier by providing insight into various areas
74
To what gives the enterprise architecture insight to support and enable an agile environment?
- Reactivly managing technical debt as the result of sprints in cohensive and connected fashion
- Proactivly managing technical debt and acticipating agile development needs (standardization & Governance)
- Managing mature digital products and delivering operational excellence (simplifying complexity & Establishing enterprise architecture capability
75
What is the definition of governance
A system that direct and controls the current and future state
76
What is governance for process?
Decision-making process with a defined structure of relationships to achieve enterprise stated goals
77
What do we need to define in governance decision making?
- Who is responsible
- Who is involved
- Who is accountable
78
What includes the architecture governance practice and orientation
- Controls on the creation and monitoring of components and activities, ensuring introduction, implementation and evolution of architecture
- Ensuring compliance with internal and external standard and regulatory
- Support management of controls and compliance
- Ensuring accountability to external and internal stakeholder
79
Where is governance about?
Hierarchy of decision-making that everyone commits to
80
Which domains are there in governance, with their own discipline and processes?
- Corporate governance
- Technology governance
- IT governance
- Architecture governance
81
Why does architecture governance benefit?
- Discipline - all involved teams provide commitment
- Transparency - all decision making can be inspected by stakeholders
- Independence - avoid potential conflicts
- Accountability - governance boards who are responsible for decision-making
- Responsibility
- Fairness
82
What is a key element of architecture governance?
Cross organization Architecture Board
83
What is the responsiblity of the architecture board?
- providing the basis for all decision-making with regard to architecture
- consistency between sub-architecture
- establishing targets for re-use of components
- enforcement of architecture compliance
- supporting a visible escalation capability of any out-of-bound decisions
84
What are architecture contracts?
The joint agreement between development partners and sponsors on the deliverables, quality and fit-for-purpose of architecture
85
Where are architecture contracts in the adm phases
Phase A - architecture vision
Phase B, C, D - business, data, application and technology architecture
86
What is essential aspect of architecture governance
Architecture compliance
87
Why are compliance reviews needed?
- Catch errors in the project architecture early
- Ensure the application of best practices in architecture work
- Provide overview of compliance and mandated standards
- Identify where standards may need modification
- Identify services thar currently application specific but might be part of enterprise architecture
- Communicate to management of status of project
- Identify and communicate significant architecture gaps to product and services
88
What is key concept: Stakeholder?
This are individuals, teams, organizations or a class of it having an interest in the system. They have a key role in the project
89
What is the key concept: Concern
This are interests in a system relevant to one or more of its stakeholders. They may have a specific aspect of the system function, developing, or operation including reliably, security etc. They may determine the acceptability of the system
90
What is the key concept: Architecture view
This is a representation of the system from the perspective of a related set of concerns. An architecture view is what you see(or stakeholder sees). An enterprise architect creates different architecture view for business, information and technical stakeholders
91
What is the key concept: Architecture viewpoint
In a viewpoint defines the perspective from which an architecture view is taken. It defines how to construct and use an architecture view, the information needed, the modeling techniques and a rational for these choices
92
What is a system?
This is a combination of interacting elements organized to achieve one or more stated purposes
93
What is the environment?
Is the context determining the setting and circumstances of all influences upon a system. This includes development, technological, business operation, political, economical, legal etc.
94
What is the architecture description
This is a work product used to express an architecture. A collection of architecture views and models that are together documented
95
What is a building block?
This is a package of functionality defined to meet the business needs across an organization
96
Which level of details in building blocks are there?
Architecture Building Block (ABB)
Solution Building Block (SBB)
97
What is an architecture building block
Groups of fundamental functional level architecture requirements
98
What is an solution building block
Real product that can be procured or specific custom developments
99
A good choice in building blocks can lead to?
Improvements in legacy system integration, interoperability and flexibility in creation of new system and applications
100
In which ADM phases takes building blocks place?
Phase A, B, C, D. It is an iterative process
101
What is the building block pattern in phases B, C, D
1. Select reference models, viewpoints and tools
2. Develop baseline architecture description
3. Develop target architecture description
4. Perform gap analyse
102
Which deliverables take p lace in preliminary phase?
- Architecture principles
- Business principles, business goals and business drivers
- Request of architecture work
103
Which deliverables take place in phase A: architecture vision
- Statement of architecture work
- Architecture vision
- Communcation plans
- Capability assessment
- Architecture definition document
104
Which deliverables take place in Phase B, C, D
- Architecture definition document
- Architecture requirement specification
- Architecture roadmap
105
Which deliverable take place in phase E: Opportunities and solutions
- Architecture definition document
- Architecture roadmap
- Implementation and migration plan
- Implementation governance model
106
Which deliverables take place in phase F: migration planning
- Architecture roadmap
- implementation and migration plan
- implementation governance model
107
Which deliverables take place in phase G: implementation governace
- Implementation governance model
- Architecture contracts
- Change request
- Compliance assessment
108
Which deliverables take place in phase H: Architecture change management
- Implementation governance model
- Architecture contracts
- Change request
- Compliance assessment
- Request for architecture work
- Requirements impact assessment
109
Which deliverables take place in ADM architecture requirement management
- Architecture requirement specification
- Requirements impact assessment
110
What is an architecture contract
This is joint agreements between development partners, sponsors on the deliverables, quality and fit-for-purpose
111
What is architecture definition document
Is the deliverable container for the core architectural artifacts created during a project
112
What is business architecture deliverable
Is developed in phase B. Contains, baseline business architecture, target business architecture, business processes, business roles, business data model and correlation or organization and functions
113
What is the information system architecture deliverable
Is developed in phase C. Contains baseline and target architecture from a system perpective
114
What is the technology architecture deliverable
Is developed in phase D. Contains baseline and target architecture from a technology perspective
115
What is the architecture requirement speficiation
This provides a set of quantitive statements that outline what an implementation project must do i order to comply with the architecture
116
What is the architecture roadmap?
This list individual work packages that will realize the target architecture and lays them out on a timeline to show progression from the baseline to target architecture
117
What is the architecture vision?
Is created in phase A and provides a high-level summary of the changes to the enterprise from successfully deploy target architecture
118
What does the capability assessment do?
To understand the baseline and target capability level of the enterprise. This is carried out in Phase A and later in Phase E. This includes: Business- and IT capability, architecture maturity assessment and business transformation readiness
119
What does the change request do?
The architecture is not sufficient for a project. The target architecture needs a change to address the future needs
120
What is a Critical Success Factor (CSF) for architecture work?
Communication plan
121
What is needed in case of communication plan?
- Identification stakeholders
- Identification of communication needs
- Identification of communication mechanisms
- Identification of communication timetable
122
How do you govern the created architecture?
Compliance assessment. During phase G
123
What are typical contents of compliance assessments
- Overview of project progress and status
- Overview of project architecture/design
- Completed architecture checklist
124
What provides the implementation and migration plan?
A schedule of project for implementation of the target architecture
125
What is a request of architecture work
This is sent from the sponsoring organization to the architecture organization to start a new architecture development lifecycle
126
What is requirement impact assessment
Throughout the ADM cycle new information is collected. This needs to be addressed and integrated in the architecture
