BOOK 100 Flashcards
What is the normal first alarm assignment for a reported fire in a high rise?
5 fire companies (2TF+ 3E)
airborne engine co component (TF)
800
RA
EMS CI
BC
Who establishes LOBBY CONTROL and the Officer becomes IC?
SECOND IN COMPANY
Who supplies water to building standpipe system?
First arriving 200 Engineer
*except when first and second arriving companies are single engine co; second engine engineer supplies water
Who may establish BASE from the first alarm assignment?
available engineers
With the establishment of ____, ____, ____, and ____ ICS requirements have been met.
FA, LOBBY, STAGING, AND BASE
Who approves the ordering and release of resources and directs and coordinates staff activities?
IC
Who reports to IC and is responsible for the recon and assessment of hazardous or unsafe situations such as fire behavior changes to assure personnel safety?
Safety Officer
Who provides liaison between the media and the IC, consults with the IC regarding any constraints on the release of information and prepares press briefings?
Public Information Officer
Who is the point of contact for assisting/cooperating agencies and identifies current or potential inter-agency needs?
Liaison Officer
Who reports to IC and assists in planning the overall strategy for containment of the incident?
Planning Section Chief
Who creates and maintains a display of current situation status and maintains a record of command personnel?
Situation/Status
What unit creates and maintains a current roster of the companies assigned to the incident of their status?
Resource/Status
Who is activated for major fires or unusual incidents to provide a comprehensive, chronological record of incident activities?
Documentation Unit
Large scale incidents may require the assignment of whom, to augment the Planning Chiefs staff. They have specific technical areas of responsibility and may be LAFD members?
Technical Specialists
Who is responsible for the preparation of the Demob Plan?
Demobilization Unit Leader
What Section Chief manages all tactical operations involving primary fire suppression, search, rescue, and EMS operations?
OPERATIONS SECTION CHIEF
Who reports to IC/Operations Chief and is responsible for fire suppression and rescue activities within a geographic area?
Division Supervisor
Who reports to the IC/Operations Chief and is responsible for the performance of a specific function?
Group Supervisor
Who does the STAGING MANAGER report to?
IC/Operations Chief
What 2 channels have been proven effective for the STAGING MANAGER to monitor?
Logistics channel to order equipment and supplies
Tac channel or Command channel to the IC/Operations for additional resources
What chief reports to the IC, supervises and coordinates the activities of Lobby Control, Systems Control, Base, Ground Support, Supply Unit, Communications Unit, and Medical Unit?
LOGISTICS SECTION CHIEF
Who is primarily responsible for notifying the IC of number of floors in the building and that the elevators have been recalled, maintaining personnel/company accountability for all building entry and exits, accessing information from the FCR, controlling vertical access of personnel to known safe routes, operating elevators, controlling the air handling system, pressurizing stairwells, and coordinating the movement of supplies between Base and Staging?
LOBBY CONTROL
How far shall BASE be established?
200ft minimum from the incident structure
Who is responsible for providing transportation for personnel, equipment, and supplies; SCBA refills; fueling, service and maintenance of vehicles and tools; ground level traffic/movement plan at the incident including marking safe access routes and zones and coordinates transfer of equipment via stairwells.
GROUND SUPPORT GROUP (formerly Stairwell Support)
Who may establish Base from the first alarm assignment?
available ENGINEER(s)
What is the primary responsibility of the First In Company?
Locate and Identify the emergency and determine its scope
Who establishes Lobby Control and the Officer becomes the IC?
Second In Company
Who supplies water to the building standpipe system?
first arriving 200 series engineer; except when the first and second arriving companies are single engine companies=second in engineer in responsible for water supply
What must be in place at all high rise assignments?
Fire Attack
Lobby Control
Staging
Base
How far should be the helispot?
at least one half mile from involved building
How far should helicopters be from the involved building while in flight and away from the CP?
500ft
The Command Post shall be how far from the building?
200ft minimum; not in proximity to BASE
Can Safety Officer, Public Information Officer, and the Liaison Officer have Assistants?
YES
Who coordinates with Arson Section in determining cause?
Planning
All resources released from the incident shall be released by IC through what unit?
RESOURCE/STATUS UNIT
The STAGING MANAGER will order additional resources through who?
IC/Operations Chief
Equipment and supplies will be ordered through who?
LOGISTICS OFFICER to BASE; preferably on a separate tac channel
Who are assigned RIC Kits?
ALL TRUCKS, USAR, AND HAZ MAT SQUADS
What floors traditionally have been evacuated on a high rise incident?
FIRE FLOOR, and 2 floors above and below the fire
A safe location for evacuees at a high rise should be how far from the affected structure?
200 ft minimum
BASE, LOBBY CONTROL, SYSTEMS CONTROL, COMMUNICATIONS, GROUND SUPPORT, SUPPLY UNIT AND MEDICAL UNIT all fall under who?
LOGISTICS SECTION CHIEF
Normally how many companies should be kept at BASE for each company held in staging?
2
When a water supply is established via the stairwell, who shall provide a supply line to the entrance of the stairwell?
BASE
What are responsibilities for LOBBY CONTROL?
- Manage lobby control
- Inform IC of number of floors and status of elevators
- Reports to LOGISTICS/IC if LOGs has not been established
- Verify water supply established into standpipes
In terms of GROUND SUPPORT UNIT, what is the ratio of members per floor?
1 member per 2 floors
Once the equipment reaches the STAGING floor hallway, who is responsible for moving the equipment?
STAGING OFFICER
What is the definition of a HIGH RISE?
A building over 75’ in height measured from ground level access to the floor level of the highest floor intended for occupant use
Buildings after 1974 have how many means of egress from each floor?
2
What is a COMBINED SYSTEM?
Combined STANDPIPE/SPRINKLER system with on site water supply and pump
Outlets are 2 1/2” with a 1 1/2” reducer
When a Local Fire Warning System is activated (post 74), and goes into “alarm mode,” what happens?
Localized alarm, annunciate FCR, HVAC shuts down of floor of actuation (some will have adjacent floors too), pressurize stairwells and unlock stairwell doors
The Floor level numberings signs at each floor in each stairwell identifies what?
Floor Level
Stair number
Floors served by the stairs
Roof access
What is the most effective means of saving lives and facilitating rescue in high rise fires?
an aggressive fire attack
The use of what will be used to indicate the progress of the search, current location, and identity of the searchers to prevent duplication of effort?
use of CHALK
When a search company enters a floor, what shall be made on the entry door?
a large, single diagonal chalk line and company designation
What is placed on the door when the unit, suite has been searched?
a second diagonal line making a large “x”
When all rooms on a floor have been searched and marked, the company shall complete the “X” along with their company id where?
on the Stairwell door of the floor just searched
What does “PHYSICALLY CHALLENGED” mean?
anyone who without the assistance of another person would have difficulty evacuating or relocating to a safe location either inside or outside the building, or slow down evacuation of other occupants within the building
The Fire Code requires a lock box for FD use, where is it located?
Interior; usually buildings lobby security post or in FCR
Who sets the pace when when climbing the stairwell?
Officer in charge
Which stairwells may serve alternate floors?
scissor
Which blowers are beneficial at high rise fires and why?
water pressure driven blowers; they do not emit carbon monoxide and supply fresh air to the stairwell
Some doors are held closed by a magnetic device that requires how much pressure to overcome it?
25 pounds
How many floors per minute are Firefighters in protective equipment required to ascend?
1 floor per minute
What needs to be approved in order to use a Emergency service or freight elevator?
Deemed safe on desired floor(s) of operation and approved by IC
When should an officer give an assessment of conditions found in the stairwell?
every 4-5 floors
Standpipe pressure in a high rise is controlled by what three means?
Pressure regulating devices
Pressure restricting devices
Orifice plates
What controls pressure and volume of an outlet to supply more than one line, as long as the gpm does not exceed the set limit which is normally 300gpm?
Pressure regulating devices
What restricts flow by how far the valve can be opened, thereby reducing flow and psi?
Pressure restricting devices
What controls pressure by restricting volume and is limited to its design requirements for supplying 200gpm?
Orifice plates
Flashover point in a high rise may be as low as?
700deg F
What elevator shafts run the entire height of a building?
Service elevator
What are scissor stairways?
Stairshafts that may service odd or even floors of a building
Stairshafts built after what year are required to have stair shaft ventilation systems?
1974
Pressurized fans that function when sprinkler or smoke detector systems are activated are required to provide what?
No less than 50 cubic feet per minute while maintaining a positive pressure of not over 25 pounds
How many times is the pressure generated by a fire?
3 times atmospheric pressure
What is stratification?
Heat and smoke travel vertically within a building and rise through any vertical opening, cooling as they rise until the temperature is equal to the temperature of the surrounding air. When stabilization of the temperature occurs, smoke and fire gases form layers or clouds within the building.
What is mushrooming?
a condition cause by smoke and fire gases that cannot vertically escape a building. Smoke and fire gases rise to the highest level possible then bank down and fill all available spaces
Pre 1960 buildings have what type of windows in exterior walls?
Openable
Post 1960 buildings have what type of windows in exterior walls?
Tempered glass on at least 2 sides of the building
At corners and at 50-foot intervals or less
Post 1974 buildings have what type of windows in exterior walls?
Tempered glass on 4 sides of the building
Corners and at 50-foot intervals or less
How are Tempered glass windows identified?
3” luminous or reflective decal in lower corner which indicate “For Fire Department Use”
What may be substituted for tempered glass?
Openable windows or mechanical smoke removal systems
Post 1996 buildings have what type of windows in exterior walls?
Uniform Building Code in high rise buildings has eliminated the requirement of the installation of tempered glass
The HVAC system should be left in “ON” position unless what?
HVAC system is contributing to the spread of fire or smoke throughout the building
Natural airflow within a building stairshafts are virtually static in buildings up to how many stories?
25
Natural vertical air currents can be created by opening a door at the bottom and roof levels of a stair shaft of how many mph?
3-6
How much more cubic feet of air per minute can a Water Turbine Driven Positive Pressure Ventilator provide versus a like sized gasoline powered blower?
2x
How far back should portable blowers be placed and at what angle?
4-6’ back from the doorway
at least 5 deg angled back
What is the most effective pattern for the blowers?
V shape
Cross ventilation is effective up to how many floors?
25
TITLE 24 of California Administrative Code requires what three requirements for elevators under fire and emergency conditions?
1) Designated Level
2) Smoke Detectors
3) Elevator Emergency Service
Automatic elevators traveling a total of how many feet may be recalled to the lobby by sensing devices or three position key?
50 feet
or over 25 feet after October 6, 1975
What is the minimum number of Emergency Service switches per bank of elevators?
1
Elevator ascent during investigations or firefighting operations shall only be used when the reported location is where?
Above the 6th floor
Can elevators be taken below grade?
Never until deemed safe for use
When can you use a SPLIT BANK elevator?
When an elevator that services the fire floor is greater than 5 floors than the lower bank
What shall be observed for when determining if an elevator shall be utilized?
Presence of SMOKE, FIRE, AND WATER
What is the minimum equipment for the elevator operator?
Full PPE
SCBA
Portable radio
Sound power phone
F/E tool
Dry chem
What is the maximum number of personnel with required equipment allowed in an elevator car for ascent?
6
While ascending, how often shall precautionary stops be made to test and confirm elevator is operating properly?
every 5 floors
Stopping to test the elevator is working properly ensures what?
The elevator:
1) stops at the desired floor(s)
2) doors remain closed when the elevator stops
3) doors open only when the door open button is activated
4) doors close when the door open button is released
5) is performing in Phase II operations as designed
The lobby level “Emergency Service” switch is normally in what position?
“OFF”
During Phase I operations, what happens to photo electric beams and other non mechanical door retraction safety devices?
they are deactivated
What does the “Bypass” position do?
Used to place elevator in operation temporarily when the building has been deemed safe but there is residual smoke to actuate the detector or the detector is malfunctioning
Can you remove the key when placed in “Bypass” function?
NO
When was the “CALL CANCEL” button required?
Elevators installed after October 15. 1985
Prior to 1960, what was the height limit on buildings and why?
150’ (13 stories);
threat of earthquakes
What types of water systems are found on Pre 60 buildings?
Class I
Class II
Sprinklered basements
Where are CLASS I (DRY) standpipes found?
Pre 60 4 stories or greater
Post 60 between 4 stories and less than 150’
What are the sizes of DRY standpipe risers?
4-6” and must flow 500gpm per riser
DRY standpipe outlets are provided at every level and roof landing except?
the first floor
What is the requirement of outlet placement for Dry standpipes?
Every point of the structure must be reachable by a 30’ stream from a nozzle attached to 100’ of hose
Class II (WET) standpipe systems are required on what buildings?
three stories or more
four or more after 1983
What 2 ways are CLASS II WET systems fed?
Domestic
Gravity fed or pressurized tanks
What are the flow requirements for Wet standpipes at the roof outlet?
Pre 48= 8psi flowing 20gpm
48-59= 12psi flowing 35gpm
60-70= 15psi flowing 35gpm
70 to present=30 psi flowing 35pgm
When were standpipes required in the stairshafts?
after 1960
What is a CLASS III COMBINATION system?
Standpipe with its own water supply
Equipped with both 1 1/2” outlets (2 1/2” outlet with 1 1/2” reducer) with hose and nozzle attached (occupant use)
2 1/2” outlet for FD use
Above the 5th floor, 100’ of single jacketed unlined 2 1/2” hose with a 1” tip may be attached to the 2 1/2” outlet
How many clapper valves are required, as water is supplied from the domestic system?
2 with OS&Y valves on each side
What makes up minor leakage rates in system pressure?
Jockey pumps
What are the requirements for Combination standpipe risers?
6” and must flow 1000gpm
4 Inlets at FDC (250gpm per inlet)
or if 3 or more risers, 6 inlets
What is the required flow at each outlet in a COMBINATION system?
300 gpm
What prevents water from flowing back out of the Fire Department inlets?
A check valve between inlets and the riser
Test valves are required to test what?
Fire pumps
Orifice plates are calibrated to supply what through a 100’ of 2 1/2” hose with a 1” tip?
200gpm at 45psi
What is the definition of a high rise building?
Any building over 75’ in height from the top floor level designed for occupant use to the lowest level of FD access
Buildings built after 1974 over 150’ in height are required to have what type of Water system?
COMBINED SPRINKLER-STANDPIPE SYSTEM
After 1974, buildings over 75’ are required to be?
Fully Sprinklered
COMBINED SPRINKLER-STANDPIPE systems are required to flow how much per riser?
1000gpm
with 4 inlets (250gpm per inlet)
or 6 inlets if there are 3 or more risers
What years were sprinkler systems not looped?
1983 to 1988
In buildings built after 1974, what was utilized to reduce standpipe pressure to working pressure?
Pressure Reducing Valve
Pressure Regulating Devices are required to be used on any standpipe outlet where the static pressure exceeds what pressure?
150psi
Upper floors with pressures below 150psi may use what to restrict the flow?
Orifice plates
What are Pressure Regulating Devices set at by Department Policy?
100psi at 300gpm
In buildings 75 to 150’, 1974 to present, what is required when more than one standpipe is provided?
Standpipes SHALL be interconnected at the bottom
Pressure Restricting Devices are found when?
Static pressures are between 135 and 150psi
For buildings over 75’ but less than 150’ the on site water supply is calculated for sprinkler fire flow of what?
The most demanding rectangular area of the building for 30 minutes, plus and additional 100gpm for the standpipe
Buildings between 150’ and 275’ the calculations for water supplies are based off standpipe demand, not sprinkler demand. What are the requirements?
500gpm for the first riser and 250gpm per additional riser for 30 min
For buildings over 275’, the on site water tank is how many gallons?
Between 45,000 and 105,000 gallons
What is the requirement for filling the water tank of a high rise building?
minimum 2” pipe to fill the tank in less than 12hours from the main water supply system
AFTER 83, 6” pipe to fill in 6 hours
FDC’s are required to have a sign that reads?
DRY STANDPIPE, COMBINATION STANDPIPE, OR AUTO-SPRINKLER and STANDPIPE, and if interconnected, ALL
Buildings under construction are required to have what system if 6 stories or greater?
At least one standpipe
SHALL BE in place when construction is no more than 50’ above grade
2 1/2” outlet on each floor adjacent to usable stairs
Shall be extended as construction progresses to within one floor of the highest point of construction having secure decking or flooring
When will temporary manually started fire pumps be used?
When standpipe exceeds 150’ in height under construction
Where are FDC’s plumbed in regard to the fire pump?
Discharge side
Fire pumps are required to pump how much of its rated capacity with a pressure of less than what for 15min?
150%;
pressure no less than 65% of rated pressure
Jockey pumps are sized to make up the allowable hourly leakage rate within?
10 min or 1 gpm whichever is larger
Jockey pumps should be set to operate at what pressure?
5 to 10 psi higher than the main pumps starting pressure
Prior to 74, how many fire pumps are required and what type?
1 ELECTRIC
Post 74, buildings over 275’ are required to have how many fire pumps?
1 ELECTRIC
2 DEISEL
What is the minimum supply of fuel for the fire pumps?
8 hour for new high rise post 74
4 hour for existing high rise 60-74
The fire pump controller is set to what psi per LA policy?
STOP at 10psi below system pressure
START at 50psi below system pressure
What is the run out timer on the pumps set at?
10 min for electric driven pumps
30 min for deisel pumps
The OVERCRANK lamp will be lit with an audible alarm when what condition happens?
the engine fails to start at the end of 6 crank attempts
6-15 sec crank periods followed by 5-15 sec rest periods
What is the only problem that will automatically shut down the engine of a fire pump?
Overspeed
What is the sequential starting of the fire pumps?
if pressure in the system stays at the START pressure for 4-6 sec, the second pump will start.
If the pressure stay for 6-8 sec the third will start
What is the minimum flow rate for Vane type Water flow switch activation?
4 to 10gpm (1 sprinkler head) and operates in 20 to 60sed
When do valve tamper switches become activated?
Within 2 turns
What is an “Existing High Rise?”
Structures over 75’ non residential constructed prior to 1974
A 2” line at 200gpm adds how many pounds per minute of water? A 2 1/2”?
1,670 pounds per minute
2,800 lbs
How many unplasticized copies of the Building Inventory Sheets are in the Lock Box?
6
How many sound powered telephone handsets are located in the FCR?
6 removable and 1 permanently attached in the FCR
Buildings controlled by a central computer automatically do a system diagnostic at what set interval?
Usually every hour
What are additional TAC channels that can be requested by MFC?
Mutual Aid Frequencies
19-24
What information should be included when requesting helicopters from MFC?
1) number of helicopters needed
2) Specific request for specialized equipment, resources or personnel
3) Intended mission
4) Location of helispot
What are 2 basic methods used for evacuation of people from a high rise utilizing helicopters?
Rooftop Rescues
Hoist Rescues
What are the limitations of a Hoist Rescue?
250’ or approximately 20 stories below the roof
Where shall personnel form a single line to board a Dept helicopter?
Single line, 50’ on the front side, in full view of pilot at all times
Post 1960 high rise buildings used Steel Beams coated with what fire retardant material?
Mono-Kote
By the 1960’s, codes required what, which subdivided buildings into fire areas by providing 2-hour, fire resistive separations between floor levels and around vertical shafts?
COMPARTMENTATION
What is a problem with ORIFICE PLATES?
If the firefighting line is shut down, the increased static pressure may make it impossible to reopen
What is the fire rating of a Fire Control Room?
1 hour
Fire life safety system is powered via an on site generator which provides power for a minimum of how many hours on full demand?
8 hours
What is the size of an Emergency Helicopter Landing Facility pad? and what does the number represent?
50x50’
Load capacity in THOUSANDS OF POUNDS
