Book 1 Ch 1

Question 1

Covalent bond

Answer 1

2 atoms shared pair of negatively charged electrons

Question 2

Polar molecule

Answer 2

Different partsofmolecule have opposite charge

Question 3

What are genes

Answer 3

Sections of DNA which encode a gene product - mainly proteins

Question 4

Darwins theory of evolution - 3 conditions

Answer 4

1. Struggle for existence
2. Variation between individuals within a species (fittest survive and reproduce)
3. Characteristics are heritable

Question 5

Heterotrophs

Autotrophs

Answer 5

H - need to feed on organic molecules
A - energy from chemical reactions involving inorganic molecules / sunlight
The synthesis organic molecules from scratch

Question 6

Catabolic and anabolic reactions

Answer 6

C - break down organic macromolecules, use the monomers released to synthesise new polymers. And degrade monomers to release energy stored in chemical bonds.
A - chemical reactions that need energy

Question 7

why prokaryotes are different to eukaryotes

Answer 7

no nuclear membrane

no membrane on organelles (eukaryotic cells do)

Question 8

parts of eukaryotic cell

Answer 8

Cell membrane
Nucleus
Cytosol
Nuclear membrane
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Smooth ER
Rough ER
Golgi

Question 9

Endosymbiotic theory

Answer 9

Some organelles, incl mitochondria, came from bacteria that lived in early cells as symbionts