Book 1 Flashcards
Habitat
The place where an organism lives. The non-living part of the environment
Population
Group of one species in an ecosystem
Community
All the plants, animals and micro- organisms that live together in an ecosystem
Ecosystem
Is a natural biological unit which is made up of living and non-living parts
Biodiversity
Total variation that exists amongst all living things on earth, (number) and variety of living organisms that inhabit the earth
Maintaining biodiversity is important to humans because:
Foods, raw materials and medicines are all only developed from existing ones so we need to keep the biodiversity high
Biotic
Living things in the ecosystem that can affect the survival of a organism. Example is disease
Abiotic
Not alive (never alive). Abiotic factors are the features of the habitat. Example air temperature
Niche
A niche is the role that an organism plays within a community.
Producer
An organism that makes its own food
Consumer
An organisms that has to eat a other organism for food. Consumer cannot photosynthesise
Carnivore
An animal that only eats meat
Herbivore
An animal that only eats plants
Omnivore
An animal that eats both plants and animal
Species
A population of organism sleep that interbreed and produce fertile offspring
What are the two types of pyramids
Pyramid of numbers and pyramid of energy
Interspecific competition
Competition between two organism of a different species
Intraspecific competition
Competition between two of the same species
Which of the competitions is more intense?
Intraspecific because organisms of the same species require the same resources
What is nitrogen atoms used for?
Nitrogen atoms are needed to make protein (amino acids) and DNA molecules
What are examples of biotic factors
Disease Food availability Competition Grazing Predation
What are examples of abiotic factors?
Light intensity
pH
Soil moisture
Temperature
Alleles
Different forms of the same gene. New alleles arise by mutation.
Adaptation
A feature of a organism that lets it survive in an ecosystem.
Isolation
The separations of a population into populations that cannot interbreed.
Selection pressures
A factor that affects the population causing the death of many
Natural selection
The survival of the fittest. Organism best suited to survival, breed and pass on their genes to the next generation
Speciation
The evolution of two or more species from one original species
Mutations
Change to the genetic material. Mutations can be neutral, advantageous or disadvantageous
