Book 1 Flashcards
Positive aspects of the EARLY SINGLE LIFE client
- highly mobile in terms of housing and employment
- income high as compared to previous stage as a student
- good health status
- possible low credit burden
Challenges for the EARLY SINGLE LIFE
- unclear values related to finances
- possess few assets
- income probably at lowest point but rising
- high student loan debt
- little experience in budgeting and financial planning
- lack of understanding of credit, wise buying techniques, and insurance
- desire to had what others have as a sign of “making it”
Financial tasks for EARLY SINGLE LIFE
- est good credit history
- set financial goals
- purchase first major use assets incl cars, basic furniture, electronics
- est a budget and record keeping system
- est a savings habit for emergencies
- purchase car insurance, renters, health and disability insurance
- continue education as needed for career advancement
- start retirement plan and investment accounts
MATURE SINGLE LIFE
Begins in the 5th-7th year of one’s career and can last until retirement; rarely viewed as transitional to another stage other than retirement
Positive aspects to the MATURE SINGLE LIFE
- career has been established
- income high or adequate, stable or growing
- housing has been solidified whether renting or purchased
- significant use assets have been established
- financial values and goals are set
- credit rating is established
Challenges for MATURE SINGLE LIFE
- lack of another to rely on financially in an emergency
- possible purchase of housing
- focus on long term goals such as investment or retirement program
- possible increased responsibility for aging parents
- career responsibilities and desires overshadow personal development
Important financial tasks for MATURE SINGLE LIFE
- effectively handle increasing income
- develop a more complex budget
- expand savings and investment program focusing on growth
- add sophistication to financial and retirement planning
- write a will, letter of last instructions and advanced directives
- buy appropriate insurance coverage, esp disability protection
- plan income tax strategies to avoid overpayment
- build an emergency cash reserve
- maintain credit standings
- continuously assess progress toward financial objectives
SINGLE-PARENTHOOD, INITIAL PHASE
Encompasses the first year or two of single parenthood after birth of a child, divorce, or widowhood; may or may not have been planned but is usually viewed as transitional to better times as a single parent or with a partner
Positive aspects of SINGLE-PARENTHOOD, INITIAL PHASE
- freedom to set one’s own financial goals and objectives
- possible assistance from friends and relatives
- possible access to governmental programs
Challenges for the SINGLE-PARENTHOOD, INITIAL PHASE
- income may have dropped significantly from previous phase
- solely responsible for meeting expenses
- previous goals may no longer be achievable with new goals to be established
- high child care expenses
- balancing work and family responsibilities
- where a partner had been present, adaptation to the loss of their contributions to income and household work
- avoid o druse of credit to ease the transition
- frustration with reversed or slowed financial progress
Important financial tasks for SINGLE-PARENTHOOD, INITIAL PHASE
- revise net worth statement and financial goals
- check credit history
- consider opportunity to return to school or change or enhance career
- re-evaluate insurance program especially for life and disability insurance
- carefully monitor budget to match expenses to income
- rewrite will, letter of last instructions, advanced directives
- select appropriate and affordable child care costs
- focus on short-term goals is high but long term goals cannot be ignored
SINGLE PARENTHOOD, MATURE PHASE
Most single parents marry or remarry within the first few years or not at all
Positive aspects of SINGLE PARENTHOOD, MATURE PHASE
- has weathered the transition to single parent status and established oneself independently
- use assets in placed although may be somewhat insufficient
- employment status may offer access to fringe benefit packages for healthcare and retirement planning
- monetary and investment assets established independently
- housing arrangements solidified
- reduced need for child care
Challenges for SINGLE PARENTHOOD, MATURE PHASE
- adequacy of income for day to day living may still be a problem
- possible inconsistencies in child support payments make budgeting problematic
- difficulty in funding an emergency savings plan
- may experience continued difficulty in maintaining a health care plan
- retirement plan continues to be delayed or under funded
- time mgmt is a struggle as children develop more complicated an costly social and after school activities
- funding needed for children’s education looms large
Important financial tasks for SINGLE PARENTHOOD, MATURE PHASE
- make realistic projections for children’s education and for own retirement; take action to implement needed changes in funding of the plans
- solidify housing arrangements through purchase of housing or longer term lease arrangements
- explore car insurance options as children begin to drive on their own
- make decisions about children’s part time work and their contributions to the household support
- pay off debts that may have accumulated from early years of single parenthood
- update will and guardianship designation for children
- review continued need for life insurance on the life of children’s other parent
- prepare financially for the empty nest phase and the loss of child support payments and possibly alimony payments
SINGLE PARENTHOOD, ABOUT TO MARRY OR REMARRY
While not a lifecycle phase, it is important transition with its own financial implications
Positive attributes of the SINGLE PARENTHOOD, ABOUT TO MARRY OR REMARRY
- impending increase in access to use assets
- reduced overall expenses for housing, utilities, etc
- increased household income
Challenges for SINGLE PARENTHOOD, ABOUT TO MARRY OR REMARRY
- moving from individual to joint financial planning patterns
- decreased financial independence
- new partners role in financial support for children
- deciding housing arrangements
- obligations for debts brought into marriage
- decisions regarding the pooling of monetary assets
Financial tasks for SINGLE PARENTHOOD, ABOUT TO MARRY OR REMARRY
- obtain copies of credit reports of both impending partners
- develop individual and jt balance sheets and share financial info
- Share lists of debts, assets, and goals
- prepare prenup agreement with the assistance of legal counsel
- even if no prenup, share each other’s intentions and expectations regarding finance
- review existing life insurance policy ownership and Bene info and recalculate life insurance needs
- assess fringe benefit options as a married person rather than as a single person
- openly discuss the yours, mine and ours aspect of existing assets
RETIRED SINGLE LIFE
Follows years of single life
Positive aspects of RETIRED SINGLE LIFE
- use assets established
- investment and retirement assets had been established
- financial and career skills high due to years of experience
- credit history firmly established
- government retirement programs
Challenges for RETIRED SINGLE LIFE
- deciding what to do with one’s spare time
- living within the limits of cash flow from pensions, investment and retirement accounts so as not to outlive income
- choosing housing given changed work status and new mobility
- increased need for health care
Financial tasks for RETIRED SINGLE LIFE
- reassess one’s estate plan with special focus on inheritance aspect
- revise financial goals and budgets to reflect career stoppage
- select among leisure and volunteer activities
- select healthcare supplement insurance
- revise insurance program esp as it relates to life insurance
- revise letter of last instructions an advance directives
- address the possibility of selling current housing to buy a retirement home and possibility of a moe to alternative group housing arrangements
RETIRED SINGLE LIFE, WIDOW/ER
Follows the death of a spouse shorty before or during retirement may come very late in life
Positive aspects of RETIRED SINGLE LIFE, WIDOW/ER
- retirement or pension plans in place
- current housing in place
- freedom to make own financial and goal oriented decisions
Challenges for RETIRED SINGLE LIFE, WIDOW/ER
- becoming solely responsible for financial management
- living within the limits of cash flow from pensions, investments, etc
- choosing future housing options
- possible declines in health status
- access to transportation resources
- making decisions alone
- having to accept the assistance of children in one’s personal and financial life after years of independence
Financial tasks for RETIRED SINGLE LIFE, WIDOW/ER
- revise estate plan to reflect single status
- select options for possible needs for long term care
- become knowledgeable about retirement plan features and assumptions, revise as necessary
- select among housing alternatives
- share details of financial life with children and make wishes known concerning long term care, bequests and other issues
- address the possibility of selling current housing to buy a retirement home and the possibility of a move to alternative group housing arrangements
- make preliminary plans for the potential need for nursing home care
EARLY MARRIED LIFE
Encompasses the initial period of the relationship prior to the birth of the first child, may be very short in duration or last several years. Generally, to be viewed as transitional to the child rearing stages
Positive aspects of EARLY MARRIED LIFE
- dual earner potential enhances disposable income
- use assets enhanced as each brings items to the household
- possibility for one partner to support the others return to school for additional training or education
Challenges for EARLY MARRIED LIFE
- moving from an individual to a jt financial planning pattern
- career planning in light of obligations to partner
- accumulation of use assets
- potential to abuse credit in order to have the good life
- making joint housing decisions
Financial tasks for EARLY MARRIED LIFE
- discuss and resolve disagreements over money
- develop A budget and record keeping system that works for both
- resolve value and lifestyle differences
- select life and disability insurance as needed, revise other insurance
- plan for and consider opportunity costs of having children
- sAve for and consider purchase of buying a house or condo
- establish retirement accounts
- build an emergency cash reserve
- select among cash mgmt options and handling of daily shopping, bill paying, etc
CHILD REARING, EARLY PRESCHOOL YEARS
Covers preschool years of first born
Positive aspects of CHILD REARING, EARLY PRESCHOOL YEARS
- couples parents are often eager to be of assistance
- some use assets have been accumulated
- taxes reduced due to additional personal exemptions, child credits and the dependent care credit
Challenges for CHILD REARING, EARLY PRESCHOOL YEARS
- increased expenditures for food, utilities, and many other items related to children
- decreased income and career emphasis for both primary and secondary care givers
- coordinating parent and employee role demands
- making provisions for continued income should a breadwinner become disabled or die
- possible need for additions to or changes in housing arrangements
- availability and affordability of child care
Financial tasks for CHILD REARING, EARLY PRESCHOOL YEARS
- adjust budget for the extra mouth to feed, clothe, etc
- adjust healthcare plan to reflect growing family
- continue to fund retirement plan even if on a reduced basis
- reevaluate life and disability insurance plans and implement desired changes
- revise wills and select guardian for child in the event of death of parents
- decide upon extent of and where to obtain child care
CHILD REARING, SCHOOL YEARS
Covers the period between the first born entering school and the youngest child entering high school
Positive aspects of CHILD REARING, SCHOOL YEARS
- primary and possibly second breadwinner income continues to increase due to career progress
- broad spectrum of use assets
- values and financial goals established
- tax reduction opportunities due to child rearing
Challenges for CHILD REARING, SCHOOL YEARS
- juggling work and family life as children become more involved in outside activities
- desire to replace use assets with better quality items
- higher expenses for children’s clothing, schooling, activities
Financial tasks for CHILD REARING, SCHOOL YEARS
- increase savings for children’s education
- begin to bring debt under control if used heavily in previous stage
- revise life and di plans as necessary
- reevaluate career goals
- involve children in financial matters in order to teach them financial mgmt skills
- use allowances to teach children personal budgeting
- expand retirement savings
- review estate planning efforts and advance directives and revise