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Year 3 - Obs & Gynae Anatomy > Bony Pelvis in Relation to Labour & Trauma > Flashcards

Bony Pelvis in Relation to Labour & Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the bony pelvis?

A

Support of upper body
Transference of weight
Attachment for muscles
Attachment for external genitalia
Protection of pelvic organs
Passage for childbirth

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2
Q

The bony pelvis consists of ?

A

2 hip bones
Sacrum
Coccyx

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3
Q

Each hip bone is a fusion between?

A

Ilium
Ischium
Pubis

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4
Q

What is another name for hip bone?

A

Innominate bone

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5
Q

Label this diagram

A
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6
Q

Label this diagram of the ilium

A
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7
Q

Label this diagram of the ischium

A
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8
Q

Label this diagram of the pubis

A
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9
Q

What are parts of the pelvic inlet?

A

Sacral promontory
Ilium
Superior pubic ramus
Pubic symphysis

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10
Q

What are the parts of the pelvic outlet?

A

Pubic symphysis
Ischiopubic ramus
Ischial tuberosities
Sacrotuberous ligaments
Coccyx

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11
Q

Label this

A
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12
Q

Where does the pelvic cavity lie?

A

Lies within bony pelvis
Continuous with abdominal cavity above
Lies between pelvic inlet and pelvic floor

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13
Q

Label this

A
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14
Q

What ligament attaches between the ASIS And pubic tubercle?

A

Inguinal ligament

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15
Q

What bony landmarks are palpable on vaginal examination at approx 4 and 8 o clock position?

A

Ischial spines

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16
Q

Label this diagram

A
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17
Q

Label this diagram

A
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18
Q

Label this diagram

A
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19
Q

Label this

A
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20
Q

What are the main ligaments to know of the pelvis?

A

Sacrotuberous ligament
Sacrospinous ligament

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21
Q

Label this diagram

A
22
Q

What are the functions of the pelvic ligaments?

A

Protect against sudden weight transfer

23
Q

The presence of the sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments form what foramina?

A

Greater and lesser sciatic foramaniae

24
Q

Label this

A
25
Q

The ligaments of the pelvis do what in pregnancy?

A

Relax

26
Q

Label this

A
27
Q

Label this

A
28
Q

Why do we need to know about trauma to the pelvis?

A

Description of trauma
Knowledge of complications - pelvis is like armour and when trauma happens we are concerned about its contents
Fractures tend to be multiple or combined with joint dislocation

29
Q

What is a straddle injury?

A
30
Q

What is this?

A
31
Q

What vascular complication can happen as a result of pelvic trauma?

A

Life threatening haemorrhage and / or damage to pelvic organs

32
Q

Label this

A
33
Q

What are the differences in pelvic shape between men and women?

A

AP and transverse diameters of female pelvis are larger than male, both at pelvic inlet and outlet
Subpubic angle (and pubic arch) in the female is wider than male
Pelvic cavity is more shallow in female

34
Q

What is moulding?

A

The movement of one bone over another to allow the fetal head to pass through the pelvis during labour

35
Q

Label this

A
36
Q

What is the vertex?

A

The vertex is an area of the foetal skull: outlined by the anterior and posterior fontanelles and the parietal eminences

37
Q

The ___ diameter is longer than the ____ diameter (i.e. the fetal head is longer than it is wide)

A

The occipitofrontal diameter is longer than the biparietal diameter

38
Q

Label this

A
39
Q

At the pelvic inlet, the ___ diameter of the pelvis is wider than the ___ diameter

A

The transverse diameter of the pelvis is wide than the AP diameter

40
Q

In the fetal skull, the ___ diameter is longer than the ___ diameter

A

Occipitofrontal diameter is longer than the biparietal diameter

41
Q

The fetus should ideally enter the pelvic cavity facing either to the ?

A

Right or left (transverse) direction

42
Q

The distance of the fetal head from ischial spines is referred to as?

A

the station

43
Q

A negative station number means what?

A

The head is superior to ischial spines

44
Q

A positive station number means what?

A

The head is inferior to the spines

45
Q

While descending through the pelvic cavity, the fetal head should?

A

Rotate
Be in a flexed position, i.e. chin on chest

46
Q

At the pelvic outlet, the ___ diameter is wider than the __ diameter

A

AP diameter is wider than transverse diameter

47
Q

The baby should ideally leave the pelvic cavity in a ____ position

A

Occipitoanterior (OA) position

48
Q

During delivery, the fetal head should be in what position?

A

In extension

49
Q

Describe the movement of the fetal head during childbirth

A
50
Q

Once the baby’s head has been delivered, what do we do then?

A

Further rotation so that shoulders and the rest of baby can be delivered

Year 3 - Obs & Gynae Anatomy (7 decks)

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