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Upper Limb > Bones of upper limb > Flashcards

Bones of upper limb Flashcards

1
Q

if Pt has a Fx surgical neck of humerus?

A

Axillary n. affected and posterior circumflex humeral vessels

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2
Q

Shaft of humerus Fx?

A

radial n. / profunda brachii artery

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3
Q

Medial epicondyle Fx?

A

ulnar n. affected

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4
Q

supracondylar Fx?

A

Median n. affected

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5
Q

What are ANTERIOR axioappendicular muscles?

A

Pectoralis Major, Minor
Subclavious
Serratus anterior

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6
Q

Pectoralis Major function?

A

insertion: Lat. lip bicipital groove

Flexion, Adduction and medial rot. shoulder

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7
Q

Serratus anterior function?

A

insertion: med border scapula

rotation of scapula

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8
Q

What are posterior superficials Axio-appendicular muscles?

A

Trapezius

Latissimus dorsi

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9
Q

What are deep axis-appendicular muscles?

A

Levator scapulae, Rhomboids major/minor

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10
Q

Trapezius function?

A

insertion: spine and acromion scapula, lat. clavicle
Rotation of scapula (lift scapula) along with Serratus Ant.

*accessory n.

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11
Q

Latissimus dorsi function?

A

insertion: floor of bicipital groove
Extension, adduction and medial rotation of shoulder
*thoracodorsal n.

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12
Q

What are deep axio-appendicular Posterior muscles?

A

Levator scapulae, rhomboid major/ minor:

medial border scapula- elevates and retracts scapula

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13
Q

What are scapula-humeral muscles?

A

they pass from scapula to humerus (acts on shoulder)

  • DELTOID
  • TERES Major
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14
Q

Deltoid features?

A

inserted in deltoid tuberosity
Flexion/ medial rotation of shoulder (ant. fibers)
Abduction of shoulder (lateral)
Extension/ lateral rotation shoulder (post. fibers)
innervated by: Axillary n.

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15
Q

Rotator cuff muscles

A
  • Supraspinatus
  • Infraspinatus
  • Teres minor
  • subscapularis
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16
Q

Function of rotator cuff muscles?

A

supraspinatous: abduction 0-30 deg
infraspinatus, teres minor= lat. rotation of shoulder
subscapularis: adduction/ medial rotation

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17
Q

Identify muscles of anterior compartment of arm

A

They are Flexors
Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Coracobrachialis

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18
Q

identify action of these muscles

A

Biceps b: inserted in radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis
-Supinates forearm and flexes elbow when supinated
Brachialis: Flexes elbow
Coracobrachialis: shaft of humerus medially- Flexes and adducts shoulder

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19
Q

Brachialis is supplied?

A

by musculocutaneous n. and radial n. (don’t get paralyzed due to these 2 supply)

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20
Q

What are the Posterior compartment of the Arm muscles?

A
  • Triceps brachii

- Anconeous

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21
Q

identify features of Triceps brachii and anconeous

A

Triceps (has long, lateral and medial heads): inserted in olecranon of ulna= Extend elbow and shoulder

Anconeous: weak extensor

Radial n. supply

22
Q

identify content of Triangular space

A

circumflex scapular artery

23
Q

what contain the Triangular interval?

A

radial n. and profunda brachii vessels

24
Q

What contain Quadrangular space?

A

Axillary n. and posterior circumflex humeral artery

25
Borders of Quadrangular space?
- Scapula - Long head of Tricep - Teres major - humerus - Teres minor
26
Why are important Quadrangular and triangular space?
due to Sx neck and spiral groove of humerus Fx
27
What are superficial flexors of forearm?
- Pronator teres - Flexor carpi radialis - Palmaris longus - flexor carpi ulnaris
28
Features of those Flexors?
Pronator teres: radial shaft, elbow flexion FCR: 2nd metacarpal- flex and ABduct hand (primary wrist flexor) Palmaris longus: palmar aponeurosis- flexion at wrist (cupping) FCU: 5th metacarpal- flex and adduct wrist
29
Function of flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)
its an Intermediate flexor | medial 4 middle phalanges- flex PIP joints
30
identify the Deep flexors
``` Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP): medial 4 distal phalanges- Flexion DIP joints Flexor pollicis longus (FPL): distal pahlanx of Thumb- flex IP joints of thumb Pronator Quadratus (PQ): lower end radius ```
31
flexor pollicis longus in innervated by?
median n. (anterior interosseous n.)
32
FCR, PL, FCU functions?
wrist flexion with abduction/ Adduction
33
FDS
flex PIP
34
FDP
flex DIP
35
FPL
flex thumb IP joints. Crosses wrist, MCP too
36
Identify forearm Extensors (supinator) | Superficial group
Brachioradialis- radial styloid: flex the elbow (supination) ECRL and ECRB- 2nd and 3rd metacarpal: extend and abduct wrist Extensor digitorum: extensor expansion- extension of medial 4 finger (MCP, IP joints) Extensor digiti minimi EDM- extension 5th finger (MCP, IP joint) ECU- 5th MC: extend and adduct wrist
37
Identify the deep Extensors
- Supinator: lat. surface of radius - Abductor pollicis longus (APL): 1rs MC- abduct thumb/ extend 1rst MCP - Extensor pollicis longus (EPL): distal phalanx thumb- extension of thumb in distal IP joint - Extensor pollicis brevis (EPB)- proximal phalanx thumb- extension of thumb in pro MCP joint - Extensor indici- extensor expansion 2nd digit- index finger extension
38
APL is innervated by?
Posterior interosseous n. (radial n.)
39
How many flexors?
``` Pronator teres flexor carpi radialis palmaris longus flexor carpi ulnaris flexor dig. superficialis flexor dig. profundus flexor pollicis longus ```
40
What are the borders of cubital fossa?
medial: pronator teres lateral: brachioradialis superior: imaginary line between epicondyles
41
what are the content of cubital fossa?
1-median n. 2-brachial a.-divides into radial and ulnar a. 3-biceps brachii tendon 4-deep branch radial n.
42
what are the Thenar muscles?
- Abductor pollicis brevis - flexor pollicis brevis - opponent pollicis
43
what are hypothenar muscles?
- Palmaris brevis - abductor digiti minimi - flexor digiti minimi brevis - opponens digiti minimi - adductor pollicis
44
Abduction of thumb?
APL and APB
45
Adduction of thumb?
Adductor pollicis (thenar muscle)
46
extension of thumb?
EPL, EPB, APL
47
Flexion of thumb?
FPL and FPB
48
Opposition of thumb
opponens pollici
49
function of lumbricals?
Flexion at MCP and extension at IP joints attached to medial 4 fingers 1-2 median n. 3-4 ulnar n.
50
function of Palmar interossei?
(1-3) Adduction at MCP and extension at IP joints (PAD) Assists lumbricals in flexing MP joints and extending IP joints interossei muscles help in writing position of hand All 7 interossei muscles supplied by deep branch of ulnar n. eg. "Hold a cigar"
51
function of Dorsal interossei?
(1-4) Abduction at MCP and extension at IP joints
52
features of Ulnar n.
innervates majority of hand muscles | Thenar and lateral 2 lumbricals (1-2)

Upper Limb (5 decks)

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