Bones Of Thorax- Introduction

Question 1

The upper end of the thorax continues with the root of the neck and is partly separated by the _________

Answer 1

Supra pleural membrane or sibsons fascia

Question 2

The lower end is separated from the abdomen by the ________

Answer 2

Diaphragm

Question 3

A cervical rib attached to the vetrebra C7 exerts pressure where?

Answer 3

On the lower trunk of BP

Question 4

Superior aperture is also called the _________

Answer 4

Inlet of the thorax

Question 5

The superior aperture is bounded
Anteriorly:
Posteriorly:
On each side:

Answer 5

Upper border of manubrum of sternum
Superior surface of body of T1
First rib w its cartilage

Question 6

Structures passing through the inlet of thorax are….

Answer 6

Trachea, oesophagus, left ci.mon carotid artery, left subclavian artery, right and left superior intercostal arteries, right and left phrejic nerve, sternohyoid and sternothroid muscles

Question 7

The inferior aperture us also called

Answer 7

Outlet of thorax

Question 8

Outlet of thorax is bounded
Anteriorly, posteriorly and on each side by…..

Answer 8

Infra sternal angle
Inferior surface of body of T12
By the costal margin formed by cartilage of 7th to 12th ribs

Question 9

….. large openings in diaphragm

Question 10

Thoracic cavity and its wall have the shape pf a

Answer 10

Truncated cone

Question 11

The thoracic cage w horizontal bars formed by the ______ and ________ is supported by _________ vertically

Answer 11

Ribs and costal cartilage
Sternum

Question 12

Thorax includes primary organs of ________ and ___________ systems

Answer 12

Respiratory and cardiovascular

Question 13

The thoracic cavity is divided into three spaces
1________ which houses _________
2…..
3……

Answer 13

The central compartment or mediastenum which houses thoracic viscera except from lungs
The left and right pulmonary cavities whuch houses the lungs

Question 14

Majority if thoracic cavity is occupied by ______

Answer 14

The lungs

Question 15

Function of dome shape of thoracic cage

Answer 15

Protects abdominal and thoracic organs from external force
Resist negative internal pressures generated by the elastic recoil of lungs and inspiratory movements
Provide attachment for and support weight of UL
Provide original. For some muscles of UL

Question 16

Thoracic cage is an ______________ cage

Answer 16

Osseocartilagenous elastic cage

Question 17

Formation of thoracic cage
Anteriorly
Posteriorly
On each side

Answer 17

Sternum
12 thoracic vertebrae and their intervertebral discs
12 ribs and their cartilages

Question 18

What are the vetebra-sternal ribs

Answer 18

The upper 7 ribs

Question 19

What are the vertebral chondral ribs and why

Answer 19

The 8,9 and 10th ribs
Because their costal cartilage joins the 7th costal cartilage

Question 20

Costal cartilage of ____,____,_____ and ____ ribs form the costal margin

Answer 20

7th, 8th, 9th and 10th

Question 21

List the three types of ribs and their attachment

Answer 21

1. True(vetebrosternal) ribs: (1-7) they attach directly tp the sternum through their coastal cartilage
2. False (vetebrochondral) ribs : (8-10) they are connected to the cartilage of the ribs before them so their connection to sternum is always indirect
3. Floating or free ribs : 11th and 12th ribs sometimes 10 ribs, they do not connect even indirectly to sternum and end in the posterior abdominal musculature

Question 22

_________, ___________ and __________ joints permits the movement of thoracic cage during breathing

Answer 22

Costo vertebral, manubriosternal and chondrosternal joints

Question 23

Gaps between each ribs are called __________

Answer 23

Intercostal spaces

Question 24

The first two and last three ribs have special features and are called

Answer 24

Atypical ribs

Question 25

The third ti 9th ribs are ____

Answer 25

Typical ribs

Question 26

The head of typical ribs has hoe many facets

Answer 26

Two

Question 27

Features of a typical ribs are

Answer 27

Head, neck, tubercle, body shaft, costal groove, costal angle

Question 28

The neck connects the head of the ribs to the body at level of ________

Answer 28

Tubercle

Question 29

The tubercle has a facet for articulation w ________ and a rough non articulating part that provides attachment for ____________

Answer 29

Transverse process of numerically corresponding vertebrae, costotransverse ligament

Question 30

The concave internal surface of the body of the ribs has a ________ parallel to the inferior border of the rib for protection and accommodation of __________ and _________

Answer 30

Costal groove, intercostal nerves and vessels

Question 31

_________ is where the shaft of the rib bends sharply forward

Answer 31

Costal angle

Question 32

The typical rib attaches to the _________ at crest of head and _________ at anterior of head

Answer 32

Intra articular ligament and radiate ligament

Question 33

Attachment to the neck of a typical ribs Anteriorly Posteriorly Crest of neck

Answer 33

Costal pleura Inferior costotransverse ligament Superior costotransverse ligament

Question 34

Attachments on the shaft of a typical ribs Costal angle: Medial to the angle Anterior to the angle

Answer 34

Thoracolumbar fascia and the lateral fibers of sacrospinalus muscle The levator costae and sacrospinalis

Question 35

__________ arises from the floor of the costal groove

Answer 35

Internal intercostal muscle

Question 36

What rib is the broadest

Answer 36

1st rib

Question 37

How many facets does the head of atypical rib have and fir the attachment of what

Answer 37

2 for articulating w the T1 vetebrae only

Question 38

It has 2 transversely directed grooves crossing its superior surface and are separated by a __________

Answer 38

Scalene tubercle

Question 39

The head of 2nd rib has how many facets for articulating w what

Answer 39

2 facets T1 and T2 vetebrae

Question 40

The main atypical feature of the 2nd rib is

Answer 40

It has a rough area on its upper surface which serves as the tuberosity for serratus anterior

Question 41

The 10th to 12th ribs have how many facets on their head

Answer 41

One

Question 42

Which ribs are short and have no neck or tubercle

Answer 42

11th and 12th

Question 43

Anterior to the scalenus anterior muscle, the _________ crosses the 1st rib

Answer 43

Subclavian vein

Question 44

Posterior to the scalenus anterior muscle, _________ and ________ cross the rib and lie in contact with the bone

Answer 44

Subclavian artery and lower trunk of BP

Question 45

The tubercle of the first rib articulates w the transverse process of the first thoracic vertebrae to form _________

Answer 45

Costotransverse joint

Question 46

Check your jotter

Question 47

What type of cartilage is costal cartilage

Answer 47

Hyaline cartilage

Question 48

The costal cartilage had Two surfaces: Two borders: Two ends:

Answer 48

Anterior and posterior Superior and inferior Lateral and medial