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health science > bones & muscle test > Flashcards

bones & muscle test Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is the function of the vertebrae

A

protects the spinal cord and support head and trunk

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2
Q

how many bones in the vertebrae?

A 
26
cervical (7)
thoracic (12)
lumbar (5)
sacrum (1)
coccyx (1)
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3
Q 
where/what are these bones in the vertebrae?
cervical
thoracic
lumbar
sacrum
coccyx
A
  • neck
  • chest, attached to ribs
  • waist
  • back of pelvic girdle
  • tailbone
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4
Q

what are the three parts of the sternum?

A

manubrium, body, xiphoid process

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5
Q

bones of the arm

A 
humerus
radius
ulna
carpals
metacarpals
phalanges
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6
Q

bones of pelvic girdle

A 
2 os coxae
symphysis pubis
illium
ischium
pubis
acetabula
obturator foramen
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7
Q

bones of the leg

A 
femur
patella
tibia
fibula
tarsals
metatarsals
phalanges
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8
Q

what are joints

A

where 2 or more bones join

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9
Q

what are ligaments

A

connective tissue that helps to hold bones together

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10
Q

what is the connective tissue that helps to hold bones together called?

A

ligaments

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11
Q

what are the three types of joints?

A

diarthrosis (synovial): freely movable (ball & socket and hinge joints)

amphiarthrosis: slightly movable (ribs, symphysis pubis)
synarthrosis: immovable (suture joints in cranium)

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12
Q

what is diarthrosis (synovial)?

A

freely movable joints (ball & socket and hinge joints)

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13
Q

what are freely movable joints (ball & socket joints)

A

diarthroosis (synovial)

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14
Q

what is amphiathrosis?

A

slightly movable (ribs, symphysis pubis)

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15
Q

what are slight movable joints (ribs, symphysis pubis)

A

amphiathrosis

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16
Q

what is synarthrosis?

A

immovable joints (suture joints in cranium)

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17
Q

what are immovable joints (suture joints in cranium)

A

synarthrosis

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18
Q

what are the types of fractures?

A

closed fx - when broken bone occurs within the skin

open fx - when the bone comes through the skin at the time of fracture

19
Q

what is a closed fx

A

when broken bone occurs within the skin

20
Q

when a broken bone occurs within the skin

A

closed fx

21
Q

what is an open fx

A

when the bone comes through the skin at the time of fracture

22
Q

when the bone comes through the skin at the time of fracture

A

open fx

23
Q

what is comminuted

A

“community”of broken bones

24
Q

what is a “community” of broken bones called

A

comminuted

25
Q

what are the kinds of muscles

A

cardiac (walls of heart) - involuntary
visceral (found in internal organs, blood vessels and eyes) - involuntary
skeletal ( attached to bone and causes movement) - involuntary

26
Q

cardiac muscles

A

(walls of heart) - involuntary

27
Q

visceral muscles

A

(found in internal organ, blood vessels and eyes)- involuntary

28
Q

skeletal muscles

A

(attached to bone and causes movement) - involuntary

29
Q

what are the functions of skeletal muscles?

A
  • attach bones to provide voluntary movement
  • produce heat & energy
  • help maintain posture
  • protects internal organs
30
Q

what is a deltoid

A

upper arm (where you get shots)

31
Q

what are biceps brachii

A

top (when you flex)

32
Q

what are triceps brachii

A

bottom (when you flex)

33
Q

what are quadriceps femoris

A

“quads” (thighs)

34
Q

what is pectoralis major

A

“bench press”

35
Q

gluteus maximus

A

“butt”

36
Q

rectus abdominis

A

“six pack”

37
Q

external oblique

A

sides, above hips?

38
Q

gastrocnemius

A

“calf muscle”

39
Q

what is abduction

A

away from the body (lateral)

40
Q

adduction

A

bring closer to body (lateral)

41
Q

flexion

A

lift up (leg to chest)

42
Q

extension

A

back to normal

43
Q

rotation

A

“look at left shoulder” “look at right shoulder”

44
Q

circumduction

A

“arm circles”

health science (9 decks)

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