Bones and the Skeleton

Question 1

Describe the two main division of the skeleton

Answer 1

The skeleton can be divided into the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton

Question 2

Define the main functions of the skeleton

Answer 2

The main functions of the skeleton are support, protection, movement, blood production, and storage of minerals

Question 3

Identify the type of tissue that bone is classified as

Answer 3

Bone is classified as connective tissue

Question 4

How are the major bones in the skeleton classified?

Answer 4

The major bones of the skeleton are classified based on their characteristics and functions

Question 5

List some examples of animal bones

Answer 5

Examples of animal bones include the femur, tibia, humerus, radius, ulna, and skull

Question 6

Describe the structure of the vertebral column

Answer 6

The vertebral column is divided into five sections: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, and caudal vertebrae

Question 7

Identify the bones that make up the appendicular skeleton

Answer 7

The appendicular skeleton includes all the limbs and the bony girdles that support them on the body trunk

Question 8

What are bone cells known as?

Answer 8

Bone cells are known as osteocytes

Question 9

Explain the role of the rib cage in the skeleton

Answer 9

The rib cage provides protection for the thoracic organs and supports the upper body

Question 10

How many sections is the vertebral column divided into?

Answer 10

The vertebral column is divided into five sections

Question 11

Define the term ‘axial skeleton’

Answer 11

The axial skeleton includes the bones of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage

Question 12

Describe the function of the scapula in the skeletal system

Answer 12

The scapula, or shoulder blade, connects the humerus with the clavicle and provides support for arm movement

Question 13

Identify the bone that is commonly referred to as the kneecap

Answer 13

The kneecap is commonly referred to as the patella

Question 14

List the bones found in the lower limb

Answer 14

The bones found in the lower limb include the femur, tibia, fibula, patella, tarsus, metatarsus, and phalanges

Question 15

Explain the significance of bone storage in the skeleton

Answer 15

Bones store minerals usch as clacium and phosphorous, which are essential for various bodily functions

Question 16

Describe the role of the cranium in the skeleton

Answer 16

The cranium protects the brain and supports the structures of the face

Question 17

Identify the bones that make up the forelimb

Answer 17

The bones that make up the forelimb include the humerus, radius, ulna, carpus, metacarpus, and phalanges

Question 18

How does the skeleton contribute to movement?

Answer 18

The skeleton provides a framwork for muscles to attach to, enabling movement through muscle contraction

Question 19

Describe the major functions of the skeleton

Answer 19

The major functions of the skeleton include support, movement, protection, mineral storage, and blood production (hematopoiesis)

Question 20

How do bones contribute to movement in the body?

Answer 20

Bones enable movement by serving as attachment points for muscles; when luscles contract, they pull on the bones, causing movement

Question 21

Define the axial skeleton and its components

Answer 21

The axial skeleton includes the skull, spinal column, ribs, and sternum, forming the trunk of the body

Question 22

Explain the role of bones in mineral storage

Answer 22

Bones store minerals such as calcium and phosphorus, which can be released into the blood when needed

Question 23

What is the significance of blood production in bones?

Answer 23

Bones produce red blood cells, which carry oxygen, and white blood cells, which protect against infection, in bone marrow

Question 24

How do bones provide protection to the body’s organs?

Answer 24

Bones provide mechanical protection to the body’s organs, reducing the risk of injury, as seen with the skull, vertebrae, sternum, and ribs

Question 25

Explain the role of bones in mineral storage

Answer 25

Bones store minerals such as calcium and phosporus, which can be released into the blood when needed

Question 26

What is the significance of blood production in bones?

Answer 26

Bones produce red blood cells, which carry oxygen, and white blood cells, which protect against infection, in the bone marrow

Question 27

How do bones provide protection to the body's organs?

Answer 27

Bones provide mechanical protection to the body's organs, reducing the risk of injury, as seen with the skull, vertebrae, sternum, and ribs

Question 28

Describe the adaptation of mammalian and avian bones

Answer 28

The differences between mammalian and avian bones are primarily related to birds having wings and the ability to fly

Question 29

What is the relationship between muscles and bones in the context of movement?

Answer 29

Muscles are attached to bones, and when they contract, they cause the bones to move, facilitating movement

Question 30

Describe the structure of bird bones and how it contributes to their function

Answer 30

Bird bones are pneumatised, meaning they contain air pockets and have a honeycomb structure. This design makes the bones lighter while maintaining strength, which is essential for flight

Question 31

Define the role of the collarbone in birds

Answer 31

The collarbone in birds is fused, providing stability to the skeleton, which is important for flight

Question 32

How do mammalian bones differ from bird bones in terms of structure?

Answer 32

Mammalian bones do not have the pneumatised structure or air pockets found in bird bones, making them generally denser and heavier

Question 33

Identify the different divisions of the skeleton into vertebrates

Answer 33

The skeleton is typically divided into the axial skeleton (skull, vertebral column, ribs) and the appendicular skeleton (limbs and girdles)

Question 34

Explain the importance of bone identification in anatomy studies

Answer 34

Bone identification is crucial for understanding the structure, function and location of different bones, which aids in the study of anatomy and physiology

Question 35

How can different types of bones be categorised?

Answer 35

Bones can be categorised into types such as long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones, each with distinct shapes and functions

Question 36

What is the function of the honeycomb structure in bird bones?

Answer 36

The honeycomb structure in bird bones provides strength while reducing weight, which is vital for enabling flight

Question 37

Describe the process of labeling a skeleton diagram for educational purposes

Answer 37

Labeling a skeleton diagram involves identifying and marking different bones, their types, and their locations, often using colour coding for clarity