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Lower Limb > Bones and Muscles + Movement (hip and thigh) > Flashcards

Bones and Muscles + Movement (hip and thigh) Flashcards

1
Q

Abductors of the thigh at the hip

A

Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fascia lata

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2
Q

Medial rotators of thigh at the hip

A

Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fascia lata

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3
Q

Lateral rotators of thigh at the hip

A

Piriformus, obdurator internus, gemellus superior, gemellus inferior, quadratus femoris, gluteus maximus, obdurator externus

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4
Q

Extensors of the thigh at the hip

A

Gluteus maximus, hamstrings

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5
Q

Gluteus maximus (gluteal)

A

from ilium, dorsal sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament
to iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femur

inferior gluteal n.

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6
Q

Gluteus medius and gluteus minimus (gluteal)

A

from gluteal surface of the ilium to the greater trochanter of the femur

Superior gluteal n.

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7
Q

Piriformis (gluteal)

A

From ventral surface of the sacrum to the greater trochanter

Nerve to piriformis

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8
Q

Obdurator internus (gluteal)

A

From pelvic surface obdurator membrane to the greater trochanter

Nerve to oburator internus

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9
Q

Superior gemellus (gluteal)

A

From Ischial spine to greater trochanter

Nerve to obdurator internus

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10
Q

Inferior gemellus (gluteal)

A

From ischial tuberosity to the greater trochanter

Nerve to quadratus femoris

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11
Q

Quadratus femoris (gluteal)

A

Ischial tuberosity to quadrate tubercle

Nerve to quadratus femoris

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12
Q

Pelvis

A

2 bones united by sacrum and pubic symphysis

Actually 3 bones, the ilium, ischium and pubis

All three form the acetabulum (ball for socket of hip)

Ilium: anterior superior iliac spine, anterior inferior iliac spine, iliac crest, gluteal surface, greater sciatic notch

Pubis: inferior pubic ramus

Ischium: ischial spine, lesser sciatic notch, ischial tuberosity (hamstrings attachment and seat)

medial: obdurator foramen between pubis and ischium (with obdurator membrane, and obdurator canal)

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13
Q

Proximal femur

A

head and neck: to acetabulum with fovea and fibrocartilagenous labrum

Greater trochanter (anterior): attachment for hip abductors and rotators

Lesser trochanter (posterior): attachment for iliopsoas (hip flexor)

Intertrochanteric line: attachment for iliofemoral ligament

Linea aspera: attachment for hip adductors

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14
Q

Ligaments

A

3 extracapsular: iliofemoral, ischiofemoral, and pubofemoral (all resist hyperextension)

Iliofemoral is strongest

One round ligament of femur is weak intracapsular and contains foveal a.

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15
Q

Hip flexion muscles

A

main: iliopsoas, tensor fascia lata, rectus femoris
lesser: pectineus, sartorius, adductors

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16
Q

Hip extension muscles

A

main: gluteus maximus, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, long head of biceps femoris
lesser: adductor magnus

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17
Q

Hib abductor muscles

A

main: gluteus medius, gluteus minimus
lesser: tensor fascia lata, sartorius, piriformis, obdurator externus

18
Q

Hip adductor muscles

A

main: Adductor magnus, adductor longus, adductor brevis
lesser: pectineus, gracilis

19
Q

Medial rotators of the hip

A

Tensor fascia lata, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus

20
Q

lateral rotation of the hip

A

main: obdurator internus, obdurator externus, gemelli, and quadratus femoris
lesser: piriformus, gluteus maximus, sartorius

21
Q

Blood to hip

A

trochanteric anastamosis of medial and lateral circumflex femoral aa.

22
Q

Hip fracture

A

Commonly along neck or intertrochanteric line

postmenopausal women or high velocity accidents

avascular necrosis can happen if aa. damaged needing hip reconstruction

23
Q

Congenital hip dislocation

A

baby girls, mostly left side

can’t abduct and different length legs

24
Q

Acquired dislocation

A

only really in high velocity accidents
displaces posteriorly
accompanied often by acetabulum or femoral fracture

25
Q

Psoas major (anterior thigh)

A

Lumbar vertebrae to lesser trochanter

L2-3 Ventral rami

26
Q

Iliacus (anterior thigh)

A

Iliac fossa to lesser trochanter

Femoral n.

27
Q

Tensor fascia lata (anterior thigh)

A

ASIS to IT band

Superior gluteal n.

28
Q

Sartorius (anterior thigh)

A

ASIS to medial tibia

Femoral n.

29
Q

Rectus femoris (anterior thigh)

A

AIIS to patella

Femoral n.

30
Q

Vastus intermedius (anterior thigh)

A

Femur to patella

Femoral n.

31
Q

Vastus lateralis (anterior thigh)

A

Femur to patella

Femoral n.

32
Q

Vastus medialis (anterior thigh)

A

Femur to patella

Femoral n.

33
Q

Anterior thigh muscle action

A

Hip flexion: Iliopsoas, sartorius, tensor fascia lata, rectus femoris

Knee extension: quadriceps femoirs

34
Q

Hip adductors (medial thigh)

A

Pectineus: pubis to femur; femoral/obdurator n.

Adductor longus: pubis to linea aspera of femur; obdurator n.

Adductor brevis: pubis to linea aspera of femur; obdurator n.

Adductor magnus (as an adductor): pubis to linea aspera of femur; obdurator n.

Gracilis: pubis to medial tibia; obdurator n.

35
Q

Hip lateral rotators (medial thigh)

A

Obdurator externus: external surface of obdurator membrane; obdurator n.

36
Q

Hip extenders (medial thigh)

A

Hamstring part of adductor magnus: Ischial tuberosity to adductor tubercle of femur; tibial n.

37
Q

Knee flexion

A

Gracilis: pubis to medial tibia; obdurator n.

38
Q

Hip extenders (posterior thigh)

A

Semitendinosus: Ischial tuberosity to medial tibia; tibial n.

Semimembranosus: Ischial tuberosity to medial tibia; tibial n.

Adductor magnus: Ischial tuberosity to adductor tubercle of femur; tibial n.

Long head of biceps femoris: ischial tuberosity to head of fibula; tibial n.

39
Q

Knee flexors (posterior thigh)

A

Semitendinosus: Ischial tuberosity to medial tibia; tibial n.

Semimembranosus: Ischial tuberosity to medial tibia; tibial n.

Long head of biceps femoris: ischial tuberosity to head of fibula; tibial n.

Short head of biceps femoris: linea aspera of femur to head of fibula; common fibular n.

40
Q

Femoral sheath

A

Lateral to medial: NAVL (nerve not in sheath)

femoral hernias into the femoral canal where the lymphatics are; pass posterior to inguinal ligament

Lower Limb (4 decks)

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