Bones and Joints Lecture Flashcards
What is haematopoiesis?
Haematopoisesis is the formation of red blood cells
Where does haematopoises happen?
Haematopoises happens in the medullary cavity
What are condyles?
Condyles are smooth lines where bones join
What do muscles, tendons and ligaments attach to?
They all attach to epicondyles
What are epicondyles?
Epicondyles are the protruding area above or below the condyle for attachment of ligamnets and muscles that act on the joint
What is A?
Condyles
What is B?
Epicondyles
What is C?
Supracondylar region
What is a fossa?
A fossa is a shallow depression, accomodates the full movement of the bones when they are together
What is a process?
A process is any projection or bump
What is a foramen?
A foramen is a rounded aperture for vessels and nerves
Why do bones form around vessels?
Bones form around vessels because vessels cannot penetrate bones once they are formed
Where are process and foramen found?
Process and forament are found on the skull
What is a salcus?
A salcus is a shallow groove
What is a tubercle?
A tubercle is a small rounded projection
What is a tuberosity?
A tuberosity is a rough projection
What is a spine?
A spine is a pointed process
What are the 3 types of fibrous joints?
The 3 types of fibrous joints are:
Sultures between skull bones
Syndesmoses between certain long bones
Gomphoses that attach the roots of human teeth to the jaw
What are the two types of cartilaginous joints?
The 2 types of cartiliginous joints are:
Primary cartilaginous joint (synchondroses)
Secondary cartilaginous joint (symphysis)
What are synchondroses cartilaginous joints?
Synchondroses cartilaginous joints connect to bones by hyaline cartilage
What are examples of synchondroses cartilaginous joints?
Examples of synchondroses cartilaginous joints are:
Epithyseal growth plate
Rib to costal cartilage
What are symphysis cartilaginous joints?
Symphysis cartilaginous joints involve both hyaline and fibrocartilage, so are stronger than primary cartilaginous joints
How do the hyaline and fibrocartilage interact with each other in a symphysis cartilaginous joint?
The articular surface of each bone is covered with a thin layer of hyaline cartilage, with fibrocartilage uniting the two laters
What are examples of symphysis cartilaginous joints?
Examples of symphysis cartilaginous joints are:
Symphysis pubs
Intervertebrae disks
Manubriosternal joint
What is this a diagram of?
A synovial joint
What is A?
Enthesis
What is B?
Epithyseal bone
What is C?
Articular cartilage
What is D?
Ligament
What is E?
Enthesis
What is F?
Tendon
What is G?
Joint capsule and synovial lining
What is H?
Bursa
What is I?
Synovial cavity
What is an example of a pivot synovial joint?
An example of a pivot synovial joint is the atlanto-axial joint
What is an example of a ball and socket synovial joint?
An example of a ball and socket synovial joint is the hip joint
What is an example of a condyloid synovial joint?
An example of a condyloid synovial joint is the metacarpophalangeal joint
What is an example of a saddle synovial joint?
An example of a saddle synovial joint is the carpometacarpal joint
What is an example of a hinge synovial joint?
An example of a hinge synovial joint is the elbow joint
What is an example of a plane synovial joint?
An example of a plane synovial joint is the acromioclavicular joint
What are the 6 types of synovial joints?
The 6 types of synovial joints are:
Pivot
Ball and socket
Condyloid
Saddle
Hinge
Plane
