Bones And Cartilage Flashcards
List the cells of the bone and where they are concentrated?
Osteoblasts: bone building, bone repairing cells in
the periosteum and synthesize new matrix
(Osteogenesis)
Osteocytes: osteoblast embedded within the bone
matrix (mature bone cells)
Osteoclasts: cells that cause absorption of bone or
dissolve bone matrix (Osteolysis)
List the Coverings of bone:
Periosteum Dense, fibrous membrane covering bone Contains blood vessels 2. Endosteum
Basic unit of compact bone is ?
osteon
osteon is made of ?
Osteocytes (bone cells) within lacunae (empty
spaces) arranged within lamellae(concentric
circles) .
3 types of lamella?
concentric, interstitial,
circumferential
The canal complex- central canal called of compact bone is? inter-connnected by?
Haversian
canal / Volkmanns canal.
Which canal contains artery, vein and nerve in the compact bone?
Haversian
The unique arrangement is the special feature of compact bone.
Is the?
HAVERSIAN SYSTEM
are microscopic canals between
the lacunae of bone ?
Bone canaliculi
The radiating processes of the osteocytes project into these canals. ?
filopodia
absent in cartilage so their lacunae remain isolated from each other. ?
Canaliculi
Compact bones are ?
Weight Bearing.
S pongy bone (cancellous) contains ?
trabeculae
S pongy bone (cancellous) Found at ?
ends of Long
Bones, Ribs, Sternum,
Vertebrae, Cranium
pongy bone (cancellous) arrangement ?
Web-Like Arrangement with lots of empty spaces that make the bone light weight. Found in Low Stress Areas Where Weight of Bone Would Be a Problem lkike skull.
Cartilage is characterized by ?
flexibility’ and ‘ resilience’.
Avascular è Nerves and lymphatics are absent
è Matrix => fibers (Collagen, Elastin) and cells (chondrocytes,
chondroblasts)
Cartilage Cells?
Immature Cells (Chondroblasts) and Mature cells (chondrocytes) .
cartilage fibers ?
collagen and elastic fibers
outer covering of cartilage ?contains?
Perichondrium is outer covering of cartilage (contains collagen fibers
and fibroblast cells)
Which type of cartilage has dense collagen fiber?
Fibrocartilage
Which type of cartilage has elastic fiber?
Elastic cartilage
Which type of cartilage has almost no fibers and has a lot of chondrocytes?
Hyaline cartilage
Hyaline cartilage is found in ?
=> Articular cartilage => Costal cartilage => Tracheal cartilage
Elastic Cartilage found in?
Sites:
=> Pinna of the ear => Epiglottis => Auditory tube
Fibro-cartilage sites?
=> Intervertebral disc => Intra articular disc => Menisci
Types of fibers and their colors?
Hyaline Cartilage: Bluish white, translucent and homogenous in appearance
Elastic cartilage: Yellow; Elastin fibers
Fibro-cartilage: White, Opaque with collagen fibers
A child has a large forehead , wide joints at elbow or writes and wide bones and ankles. Lack vitamin D, calcium or phosphate. Diagnosis?
Rickets which leads to softening and weakening of the bones
During early stage of bone healing what happens?
callus formation along with areas of loose connective tissue and blood vessels. new blood vessels form
One of the most prominent cells in BONE FRACTURE HEALING
?
fibroblast, which can produce collagen.
stabilizes the fracture and creates a template on which new bone can be laid down. ?
callus in BONE FRACTURE HEALING
whole process of BONE FRACTURE HEALING
Takes?
takes six to eight weeks
A patient has anemia, feels tired, had several infections , and bleeds easily and may have bruises. a bone marrow biopsy.Showed The bony trabeculae appear normal, but the intervening marrow is abnormal. An inc in one type of cells . Diagnosis?
L eukemia
Child shows bone deformities multiple broken bones loose joints weak teeth bowed legs and arms an abnormal curve of the spine early hearing loss
Fragile bones that break easily
Diagnosis?
BRITTLE BONE DISEASE (Osteogenesis Imperfecta)
