Bones and Biomechanics Flashcards
If you broke your femur immediately adjacent to the head, would it be mostly compact or cancellous cone that would be damaged?
cancellous bone
Why does compact bone tissue need to have a different arrangement for the blood vessels compared to cancellous bone?
compact bone tissue has different properties to cancellous bone. compact bone is composed of osteons which are tightly packed hence blood vessels are in the central canal of each osteon. cancellous bone has a great surface area with spaces between trabeculae filled with bone marrow and vessels, blood diffuses in
Where is the primary ossification centre located?
in the diaphysis
Why is it that cartilage cells proliferate at the growth/epiphyseal plate, but this layer does not get relatively thicker over time?
Osteoblasts ossify the tissue during growth
List two possible uses for an accurate knowledge of the age at which growth plates became ossified
- allows age estimation of human remains
2. treatment of bone damage as types and regions of fractures may differ with age
What factors contribute to the disease process of osteoporosis?
osteoclastic activity outpacing osteoblastic activity
Will everyone with osteoporosis be affected by fractured bone?
no - trauma would be required for fracturing long bones and the severity of the disease would be a factor incompression fractures of vertebrae
What muscle produces abduction at the shoulder joint?
deltoid
Why would biceps brachii not be a supinator of it attached to the ulna, instead of the radius?
supination requires the radius to move over the ulna. ulna is fixed and doesn’t rotate
Why are screws normally threaded so they tighten by being turned clockwise in wrist?
because right handed people supinate to turn something clockwise
Why is triceps brachii not a supinator or pronator?
because it attaches to the ulna
Given that triceps brachii is an extensor of the elbow joint, which aspect of the joint does it cross?
posterior
Which muscle produces hip joint extension?
gluteus maximus and hamstrings
Why would a person with paralysis of the gluteus maximus muscle chose not to live in a two storey house?
climbing stairs would be difficult as the gluteus maximus is a strong hip extensor and paralysis would make it difficult to extend the joint
Which muscle produces knee joint extension?
quadriceps femoris
Why will triceps surae plantarflex, not dorsiflex the ankle?
Because it crosses the posterior aspect of the ankle joint