Bones Flashcards
Proximal to the fibula on anterior surface of the knee
Considered the largest sesamoid bone in the body
Attachment site for quadriceps femoris tendon and patellar ligament.
Patella
Superficial to the knee to the ankle
Tibia
Lays lateral to the tibia
Bears only 10 percent of body weight
Fibula
Superficial knob located distal to patella
Attachment site to patellar ligament
Tibial Tuberosity
Runs superficially along the anterior leg
From the tibial Tuberosity to the medial malleolus it’s edges and flat surfaces easily palpable.
Shaft of the tibia
Located on lateral side of the leg
Attachment site for the biceps femoris muscle, portion of the muscle and fibulae collateral ligament.
Head of the Fibula
Proximal end of the tibia
Inside the knee joint
Edges on side of patellar ligament
Tibial Plateaus
Attachment site for sartorius, gracilis and semitendinous
Attaches to medial shaft of tibia
Flat area medial to the tibial Tuberosity
Pes Anserinus
Edges located either side of the patella
Tracks the the patella when knee is flexed and extended
Edges of Femoral Condyles
Knobby located on the lateral surface of knee
Attachment site for fibular collateral ligament
Anterior to the biceps femoris tendon
Lateral Epicondyle
Deep to the tendon of sartorius, distal to the
Vastus medial is muscle
Attachment site tibial collateral ligament
Medial Epicondyle
Located proximal to the medial Epicondyle in the
Belly of Vastus medial is and the hamstring tendons.
Attachment site for adductor Magnus tendon
Adductor Tubercle
Articulates with the tibia and fibula to form ankle joint
Talus
Heel bone
Beneath the talus and projects two inches from the malleoli
Calcaneus
Tightly wedged together
Dorsal surface of the foot
5
Tarsals
Superficial proximal base shaft and distal head
Metatarsal
Located on the medial side if the calcaneus
Shaped like a plank
Supports the calneus
Attachment site deltoid ligaments
Sustentaculum tail
Head, torchlea, and Medial Tubercle
Parts of Talus
Composed of two phalanges
Hallucinate
Dorsal and medial surfaces superficial and palpable
Superficial Tuberosity bulges out of the medial side of the foot
Attachment site of the tibial is posterior
Navicular
Cube like
Surrounded by fourth and fifth metatarsals, the lateral cuneiform and the calcaneus
Cuboid
1) gastrocnemius and soleus
2) Peroneus longus and brevis
3) Extensors
4) Flexors
Four groups of leg muscles
Calf muscles of posterior leg
Gastrocnemius and soleus
Located at tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus and extensor hallucis longus
Layered together on the anterior leg and dorsum of the foot
Extensors
Of ankle and toes includes tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus
Deep to the gastrics and soleus on the posterior leg
Flexors
Gastrocnemius Soleus Tibialis Posterior Peroneus longus and brevis Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus Plantar is
Plantar Flexion muscles
Tibialis Anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus
Dorsiflexion Muscles
Tibialis Anterior Tibialis Posterior Flexor Digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus Extensor hallucis longus
Inversion muscles
Peroneus Longus/Brevis
Extensor digitorum longus
Eversion
Large muscle of posterior leg
Part of triceps surae
Has two heads and crosses two joints(knee/ankles)
Flexes the knee; Plantar flex the ankle
Originates at the Condyles of the femur; posterior surfaces
Inserts at calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Gastrocnemius
Second heart Deep to gastrocnemius Plantar flex Soleal line; proximal, posterior surface of tibia and posterior aspect of head of fibula Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Soleus
Short muscle belly; longest tendon in the body
Larger plantar flexor of the foot
Plantar Flexion of ankle
Flexion of the knee
Lateral supra nodule line of femur
Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Plantaris
Deep in posterior knee
Lies upper gastrocnemius
Unlocking joint
Popliteus
Considered the largest synovial joint in the body
Hinged joint
Flexion/Extension
Medically rotate while knee is flexed
Knee
slender peroneal muscles are located on the lateral side of the fibula between the extensor digitorum longus and the soleus
A: evert the foot; assist to plantar flex the ankle
O: Head of fibula and proximal two-thirds of lateral fibula
I: Base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform
*Helps runners with uneven ground
Peroneus Longus
portion lies deep to peroneus longus
A:Evert the foot ;Assist to plantar flex the ankle
O: Distal two-thirds of lateral fibula
I: Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal
Peroneus brevis
large,superficial lies lateral to the tibial shaft
A: Inversts and dorsiflex the ankle
O: Lateral Condyle of the tibia; proximal, lateral surface of the tibia and interosseous memmebrane where shin splits happen here
I: Medial cuneiform and the base of the first metatarsal
Tibialis Anterior
A: Inversion of the foot; Plantar Flex the ankle
O: Proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; and interosseous membrane
I: All five tarsal bones and bases of second through fourth metatarsals
Tibialis Posterior
