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Sam’s Biology > Bones > Flashcards

Bones Flashcards

1
Q

How many bones are in the adult human body?

A

206

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2
Q

What is the hardest substance in the human body?

A

Tooth enamel

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3
Q

What is the name of the longest bone in the human body?

A

The femur (thigh bone)

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4
Q

Which is the smallest bone in the human body?

A

The stapes (in the ear)

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5
Q

What is the name of the soft, spongy tissue found inside bones?

A

Bone marrow

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6
Q

What are the two main types of bone tissue?

A

Compact bone and spongy (trabecular) bone

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7
Q

What type of bone is the sternum classified as?

A

Flat bone

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8
Q

What type of bone is the femur classified as?

A

Long bone

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9
Q

What mineral is most abundant in bones?

A

Calcium

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10
Q

What protein gives bones their flexibility?

A

Collagen

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11
Q

What is the process of bone formation called?

A

Ossification

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12
Q

Which cells are responsible for building new bone tissue?

A

Osteoblasts

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13
Q

Which cells break down bone tissue?

A

Osteoclasts

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14
Q

At what age do most humans reach peak bone mass?

A

Around 30 years old

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15
Q

What is the growth plate in a bone called?

A

Epiphyseal plate

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16
Q

How many bones make up the human skull?

A

22

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17
Q

What is the only movable bone in the skull?

A

The mandible (jawbone)

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18
Q

What bone forms the forehead?

A

The frontal bone

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19
Q

What are the cheekbones called?

A

Zygomatic bones

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20
Q

Which bone houses the brain’s pituitary gland?

A

The sphenoid bone

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21
Q

How many vertebrae are in the human spine?

A

33

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22
Q

What are the three main regions of the spine?

A

Cervical, thoracic, and lumbar

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23
Q

Which vertebra is also known as the atlas?

A

The first cervical vertebra (C1)

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24
Q

Which vertebra is known as the axis?

A

The second cervical vertebra (C2)

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25
What are the small, cushion-like structures between vertebrae called?
Intervertebral discs
26
How many pairs of ribs do humans typically have?
12 pairs
27
What is the name of the bone in the chest where ribs attach in the front?
The sternum
28
What are the top seven pairs of ribs called?
True ribs
29
What are the bottom two pairs of ribs that do not attach to the sternum called?
Floating ribs
30
What structure connects the ribs to the sternum?
Costal cartilage
31
What is the bone in the upper arm called?
The humerus
32
What are the two bones in the forearm called?
Radius and ulna
33
Which forearm bone is on the thumb side?
Radius
34
How many bones are in each hand?
27
35
What are the bones in the fingers called?
Phalanges
36
What is the kneecap bone called?
The patella
37
What are the two bones in the lower leg called?
Tibia and fibula
38
Which is the weight-bearing bone of the lower leg?
Tibia
39
How many bones are in each foot?
26
40
What is the heel bone called?
The calcaneus
41
What is the name of the bone that forms the base of the spine?
The sacrum
42
Which bone is known as the collarbone?
The clavicle
43
What bone connects the shoulder to the chest?
The scapula (shoulder blade)
44
What is the horseshoe-shaped bone in the neck that does not connect to any other bone?
The hyoid bone
45
Which bone forms the lower back of the skull?
The occipital bone
46
What is the most common bone broken in the human body?
The clavicle
47
What condition involves the weakening of bones due to loss of bone density?
Osteoporosis
48
What is the medical term for a broken bone?
Fracture
49
What type of joint allows for the greatest range of motion?
Ball-and-socket joint
50
What is the name of the disease in children caused by vitamin D deficiency that weakens bones?
Rickets
51
What is the total number of bones in the adult human skull?
22 bones
52
True or False: The skull is made up of two main parts: the cranium and the facial bones.
True
53
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the upper part of the skull that encloses the brain.
cranium
54
What are the eight bones that make up the cranium?
Frontal, parietal (2), temporal (2), occipital, sphenoid, and ethmoid.
55
Which bone forms the forehead?
Frontal bone
56
Multiple choice: Which of the following bones is NOT part of the facial skeleton? A) Nasal B) Maxilla C) Parietal
C) Parietal
57
What is the function of the zygomatic bone?
It forms the cheekbone and contributes to the structure of the eye socket.
58
True or False: The mandible is the only movable bone in the skull.
True
59
Fill in the blank: The _____ bone is located at the base of the skull and articulates with the first cervical vertebra.
occipital
60
What is the name of the joint where the two parietal bones meet?
Sagittal suture
61
What are the two main parts of the temporal bone?
Squamous part and petrous part.
62
Multiple choice: Which of the following is the smallest bone in the human skull? A) Stapes B) Nasal C) Lacrimal
A) Stapes
63
What is the role of the sphenoid bone?
It acts as a keystone bone, connecting with many other skull bones and forming part of the base of the skull.
64
True or False: The ethmoid bone is located at the back of the nasal cavity.
False
65
Fill in the blank: The _____ bones form the bridge of the nose.
nasal
66
What is the scientific term for the upper jawbone?
Maxilla
67
Multiple choice: The lacrimal bone is associated with which function? A) Hearing B) Tear production C) Smell
B) Tear production
68
What is the term for the area where the two maxillae meet?
Intermaxillary suture
69
True or False: The skull contains sinuses that help reduce its weight.
True
70
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the bone that forms the lower jaw.
mandible
71
What is the role of the nasal conchae?
They help to filter and humidify air as it passes through the nasal cavity.
72
Multiple choice: Which bone is often called the 'keystone' of the face? A) Mandible B) Maxilla C) Zygomatic
B) Maxilla
73
What are fontanelles?
Soft spots on an infant's skull where the bones have not yet fused.
74
True or False: The occipital bone contains the foramen magnum.
True
75
Fill in the blank: The _____ suture connects the occipital bone to the parietal bones.
lambdoid

Sam’s Biology (9 decks)

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