bones Flashcards
how many bones in the human body
206
compact bone
osteons
spongy
trabeculae
Functions of bone
1- Protection
2- Support
3- Movement
4- Mineral storage
5-Production of red and white blood cells
protection
from external sources
support
for the body and its vital cavities
movement
act as levers for movement
mineral storage
acts as a reservoir for minerals
production of red and white blood cells
hemopoiesis, occurs within marrow cavities
types of bones
1- Long
2- Short
3- Sesamoid
4- Flat
5-Irregular
long bones
- Typically longer than wide
- Have a shaft with expanded ends
- Mostly made up of compact bone
Examples include: Femur, Radius, Metacarpals, Phalanges
short bones
- Cube shaped- have no shaft
- Only found in the feet & hands * Tarsals
- Carpals
Flat bones
Thin, flattened bones which are usually curved * Form boundaries around cavities
* Are usually protecting organs
* Examples include:
* Skull bones, Sternum, Scapula, Ribs
Irregular bones
Irregular or mixed shape
* Do not fit into other bone classification categories
* Examples include: * Vertebrae
* Facial bones
* Hyoid
Sesamoid bones
Usually small and round
* Develop within tendons
* Function to:
* Protect the tendon they’re embedded in
* Change the angle of tendon insertion to increase force of muscle
* E.g. patella
