Bones

Question 1

What are the two places that bones grow?

Answer 1

Periosteum (outside) and Endosteum (inside)

Question 2

Describe mesenchymal tissue, osteoblasts, osteoclasts and osteocytes

Answer 2

1. Mesenchymal stem cells in the in the periosteum (CTP) and endocteum (bone tissue)
   
   2. Osteoblasts - secrete collagen & osteoid (unmineralised ground substance
   3. Osteocytes – surrounded by bone matrix, mature bone cell, maintenance of ECM
   4. Osteoclasts - phagocytic cells, bone resorption monocytes (white blood cells) (cleaning up the bones)

Question 3

Describe bone tissue ECM protein and ground substance

Answer 3

Protein Fibres – type 1 collagen = tenisile strength

Ground Substance - Hydroxyapatite - = provides hardness/compression strength - mineralised ECM* hydroxyapatite crystals

Question 4

What is the name of mature and immature bone tissue

Answer 4

Mature is lamellar and immature is woven

Question 5

What is concentric lamella?

Answer 5

rings in mature bone tissue

Question 6

Which kind of bone has osteon and what is it?

Answer 6

concentric Lamele around a harversion canal ( which carries a VAN (vein artery and nerve) - only present in cortical bone (hard)

Question 7

What is the medullary cavity?

Answer 7

Cavity inside the bone

Question 8

What are the 5 types of bone?

Answer 8

long, short, flat, irregular and sesamoid (tendons)

Question 9

What are the 2 kinds of bone?

Answer 9

Compact/cortical (hard outside bone) and spongy/trabecular/cancellous (spongy inside bone)