Bones

Question 1

Describe the parts within a Haversian System.

Answer 1

1. Haversian Canal - at the center, contains at least one blood capillary.
2. Lamellae - concentric layers of bony matrix around Haversian canal.
3. Lacunae - small spaces in the matrix between the lamellae. An osteocyte occupies each one.
4. Canaliculi - tiny canals that run between the lacunae.

Question 2

Explain what spongy bone consists on.

Answer 2

It consists of trabeculae - an irregular arrangement of thin, bony plates.
Lamellae NOT arranged in concentric layers.

Question 3

State functions of the skeleton.

Answer 3

1. Provides shape and support.
2. Provides points of attachment for muscles to allow movement.
3. Protects vital organs.
4. Stores mineral salts and fats.
5. Participates in blood cell production.

Question 4

State the parts of the Axial skeleton.

Answer 4

1. Skull: cranial and facial bones.
2. Vertebral column: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx.
3. Thorax: sternum and ribs.

Question 5

State parts of the Appendicular skeleton.

Answer 5

1. Shoulder girdle: clavicle and scapula.
2. Pelvic girdle: coxal bones.
3. Upper limb: humerus, ulna, radius, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges.
4. Lower limb: femur, fibula, tibia, patella, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges.

Question 6

Explain difference between true, false and floating ribs.

Answer 6

• True ribs: directly attached to sternum
• False ribs: have cartilage that does not attach directly to the sternum.
• Floating ribs: not attached to sternum.