Bone tumours

Question 1

What bone tumour effects facial bones?

Answer 1

Osteoma

Question 2

What can differentiate between osteoid osteomas and osteoblastoma?

Answer 2

Osteoma
- Relieved by NSAIDs

Osteoblastoma
- Not relieved by NSAIDs

Question 3

What do chondromas affect (what bones and where)?

Answer 3

Medulla of small bones (hands/feet)

Question 4

What part of the bone is affected in giant cell bone tumours?

Answer 4

Epiphyseas

Question 5

What joint is often affected by giant cell bone tumours?

Answer 5

Knee (may cause fractures in this area)

Question 6

What will be seen on X-ray of giant cell tumours?

Answer 6

Soap bubble appearence

Question 7

What is the most common primary malignant bone tumour?

Answer 7

Osteosarcoma (affects young males)

Question 8

What is the most common bone tumour?

Answer 8

Osteochondroma

Question 9

What bone tumour is associated with Gardener’s syndrome?

Answer 9

Osteoma

Question 10

What bone tumour will have an onion skin appearence on the diaphysis?

Answer 10

Ewing Sarcoma

Question 11

What are the features of an osteochondroma?

Answer 11

• Metaphysis
• Lateral projection growth
• Covered by cartilage cap

Question 12

What age range are affected by osteomas?

Answer 12

Middle age

Question 13

How may an osteoma present?

Answer 13

Sinusitis or sinus pressure
-> This is due to obstruction of the ostium

Question 14

What are the features of osteoid osteomas?
(location and features on X-ray)

Answer 14

Cortex of long bones
- Boney mass with radiolucent core

Question 15

Osteoid osteomas and osteoblastomas have pain at what time of the day?

Answer 15

Night time bone pain

Question 16

What are the features of osteoblastomas?
(location and features on X-ray)

Answer 16

Vertebrae
- Boney mass with radiolucent core

Question 17

Where are chondromas located?

Answer 17

Medulla of small bones (hands/feet)

Question 18

What people are affected bt osteosarcomas?

Answer 18

• Young teenage males
• Elderly (less common)

Question 19

Where are osteosarcomas found?

Answer 19

Metaphysis of long bones

Question 20

What are the risk factors for osteosarcomas?

Answer 20

• Retinoblastoma
• Paget disease
• Radiation

Question 21

What features will be seen on X-ray in osteosarcomas?

Answer 21

• Sunburst appearence
• Lifting of periosteum

Question 22

What are the 3 malignant bone tumours?

Answer 22

• Osteosarcoma
• Chondrosarcoma
• Ewing sarcoma

Question 23

Where will chondrosarcomas be found?

Answer 23

Medulla of pelvis “central skeleton”

Question 24

What demographic are affected by Ewing sarcoma?

Answer 24

White boys < 15 years old

Question 25

What transolcation is associated with Ewing sarcoma?

Answer 25

t(11;22) - leads to overexpression of EWS-FL1

Question 26

What will be seen on histology in Ewing sarcoma?

Answer 26

Neuroectodermal originating small blue cells that resemble lymphocytes