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Musculuskeletal > Bone Tumors > Flashcards

Bone Tumors Flashcards

1
Q

Sclerotic rim indicates

A

Slow growth

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2
Q

Moth eaten pattern

Numerous small holes of varying ages in cortical and trabecular bone

A

Aggresive behavior

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3
Q

Numerous elingates holes along cortex

A

Aggresive behavior

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4
Q

Osteoblastic

Buttrssing ( wavy periositis)

A

Benign

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5
Q

Aggressive patterns

A

Lamination- onion peel
Codman triangle

Spiculations
Sunburst
Hair on end

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6
Q

Thick rim of new bone

Benign

A

Nonossifying fibroma
Osteoma
Brodie abscess
Fibrous dysplasia

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7
Q

Thin rim or no rim

A

More active lesion

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8
Q

Enchondromas

A

Phalanges

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9
Q

Osteosarcoma

A

Araound the knee

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10
Q

Giant cell tumor

A

Araound the knee

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11
Q

Hemangioma

A

Spine and skull

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12
Q

Chondrosarcoma

A

Innominate bone

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13
Q

Chondroma

A

Sacrum and clivus

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14
Q

Adamantinoma

A

Mid tibia

Mandible

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15
Q

Central lesions ( usually benign)

A

Enchondroma

Unicameral bone cyst

Eosinophilic granuloma

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16
Q

Eccentric lesions

A 
Aneurysmal bone cyst
Osteosarcoma
NOF
Giant cell tumor
Chondromyxoid fibroma
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17
Q

Cortical lesions ( most commonly benign)

A

Cortical defect
Cortical desmoid
Osteoid osteoma
Periosteal chondroma

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18
Q

Para osteal lesions

A

All osseous, cartilaginous, fibrous malignancies

Osteochondroma
Myositis ossificans (should be separate from bone
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19
Q

Osteoid osteoma

A

30

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20
Q

Osteoblastoma

A

Spine

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21
Q

Osteosarcoma

A

40

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22
Q

Chondroma

A

55

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23
Q

Chondromblastoma

A

Femur

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24
Q

Chondrsarcoma

A

25

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25
Q

NOF

A

Tibia

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26
Q

Fibrosarcoma

A

Femur

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27
Q

GIant cell tumor

A

Femur

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28
Q

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma

A

Femur

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29
Q

Hemangioma

A

Skull

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30
Q

Neurofibroma

A

Skull

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31
Q

Chordoma

A

Spine

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32
Q

Simple cyst

A

Humerus

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33
Q

Adamantinoma

A

Tibia

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34
Q

Ewings tumor

A

Femur

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35
Q

Hallmark is pain

Radiolucent nidus

5-25 yo

A

Osteoid osteoma

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36
Q

Osteoblastoma appearance

A

Expansile lytic

Sclerotic >2cm ( giant osteoid osteoma)

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37
Q

Mc primary amlignant bone tumor

Axial skeleton most commonly affected
Skull, spine, ribs, pelvis

A

Multiple myeloma

95% > 40yo

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38
Q

Second most frequent primary malignant bine tumor

10-30 yo

A

Osteosarcoma

39
Q

Multiple radiolucent expansile masses in hand and feet

Unilateral

A

Enchondromatosis (ollier’s disease)

25% malignant transformation

40
Q

Enchondromatosis and multiple soft tissue hemangiomas

A

Maffuccis syndrome

41
Q

MC benign bone lesion

A

Osteochondroma

Tibia, femur, humerus

42
Q

Close to growth plate

well demarcated

Radiolucent cortical lesion

Mc tibia and fibula

A

Fibrous cortical defect

Nonossifying fibroma

43
Q

Radiolucent expansile medullary lesions

A

Fibrous dysplasia

Femur

44
Q

Mc in the femur

5-20 yo
Dies not spread or pfroliferate

A

Fibrous dysplasia

Lichtenstein-jaffe dse

45
Q

Fibrous dysplasia involving the mandible and maxilla

46
Q

Polyostotic unilateral fibrous dysplasia

A

McCune-albright syndrome

47
Q

Ossifying fibroma of the jaw

A

Ameloblastoma

48
Q

Expansile cortical lesion of anterior tibial diaphysis

Younger age group than adamantinoma

A

Ossifying fibroma

49
Q

Expansile lytic lesion containing thick septations

2nd decade

A

Desmoplastic fibroma(interosseuos desmoid)

50
Q

Mc soft tissue sarcoma in adults

40-60

Permeative or moth eaten

Large soft tissue mass

A

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma

51
Q

Langerhans’ cell histiocytosis

A

Letterer-siwr: acute disseminated form 10%

Hand schiller christian- chronic disseminates form-20%

Eosinophillic granuloma-only bone involvement-70%

52
Q

Hole within a hole lesion

1st - 3rd decade

50% skull

A

Eosinophillic granuloma

53
Q

MM produce

A

IgG by plasmcytes

54
Q

In mets, what is destroyed first

55
Q

In MM, what is destroyed first

A

Vertebral bodies

56
Q

MM

A

65% vertebra

57
Q

POEMS syndrome

A

Polyneuropathy

Organomegaly

Endocrinopathy

M protein: sclerotic MM

Skin changes (hyperpigmentation

58
Q

Intervertebral disk space
Mandible
Large soft tissue mass

59
Q

Vertebral pedicle

60
Q

Malignant
From undifferentiated Mesenchymal cells
5-15

Fever
Leukocytosis

A

Ewings tumor

Diaphysis of lower ex

61
Q

Ewings tumor radiographic features

A

Permeative or moth eaten

Soft tissue mass

62
Q

Primary osseous lymphoma usually

A

Non hodgkins

63
Q

Commonly litic mets

A

Kidney
Lung
Thyroid
Breast

64
Q

Commonly sclerotic mets

A

Prostate

Breast

65
Q

Benign fluid-filled lesion

Age 10-20

A

Unicameral bone cyst

Proximal metaphysis of humerus and femur

66
Q

Fallen fragment sign secondary to pathologic fragment pathognomonic of

Central location

A

Unicameral bone cyst

67
Q

Mc bone mets in males

68
Q

Mc bone mets in females

69
Q

Mc bone mets in childre

A

Neuroblastoma

70
Q

Expansile nonneoplastic

Rapid progression 2-6 mos

5-20 yo

Eccentric location

A

Aneurysmal bone cyst

Posterior elements of spine

Metaphysis of long tubular bones

71
Q

Mc bone mets in males

72
Q

Mc bone mets in females

73
Q

Mc bone mets in childre

A

Neuroblastoma

74
Q

Expansile nonneoplastic

Rapid progression 2-6 mos

5-20 yo

Eccentric location

A

Aneurysmal bone cyst

Posterior elements of spine

Metaphysis of long tubular bones

75
Q

Arise from osteoclasts

Occurs in epiphysis with metaphysial extension

Age: after epiphyseal fusion

Lytic subarticular

Expansile

A

Giant cell tumor

500% around knee

76
Q

Locally aggressive tumor from osteofibrous dysplasia

20-50 yo

Lytic lesions woth marginal sclerosis

A

Adamantinoma

90% tibia

77
Q

Slow growing

Locally aggressive tumor arising from notochord remnants

30-70 yrs

Sacrum 50%

78
Q

Extensive cystic angiomatosis

Shoulder and hip most common

A

Massive osteolysis (gorham’s disease)

79
Q

Benign vascular tumor of terminal phalanx

Painful

A

Glomus tumor

80
Q

Mast cell infiltration of skin, marrow and other organs

A

Mastocytosis

60%

81
Q

Myeloproliferative disorder in wch neoplastic stem cells grow in multiple sites

Diffuse or patchy osteosclerosis

Massive splenomegaly

A

Myeloid metaplasia (myelofibrosis)

82
Q

Autosomal recessive dysplasia

Dwarfism
Micrognathia

Straight mandilbe

Dense but fragile bones

Acroosteolysis
Wormian bones
Underdeveloped sinuses and mastoid air cells

A

Pyknodysostosis

83
Q

Radiation osteitis most common in

84
Q

MC radiation induced bone tumor

A

Enchondroma (exostosis)

85
Q

MC malignant radiation induced lesions

A

OSA

Chindrosarcoma

MFH

86
Q

MC soft tissue tumor in adults

A

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma

Lower extremity-mc

Reactive speudocapsule

87
Q

Liposarcoma

2nd mc

88
Q

Mc around knee soft tissue tumor

A

Synovial cell sarcoma

89
Q

Pigmented villobodular synovitis

A

Never calcifies

Low signal masses on T1W and T2W

90
Q

Mulitiple enchondromas

A

Olliers disease

91
Q

Multiple enchondromas with phleboliths

A

Maffucci syndrome

92
Q

Eosinophilic granuloma occurs in what age

93
Q

Sharply defined transition zone with no sclerotic border

Do not apply in flat bones

A

Giant cell tumor

Musculuskeletal (4 decks)

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