Bone Structure and Function Flashcards
What is spongy bone?
A very porous type of bone that contains red bone marrow. It is usually located near the ends of ;ong bones surrounded by compact bone
What is compact bone?
Forms the hard outer shell of bones. Contains tiny passages for veins, nerves, or bone repairing cells.
Red bone marrow
-Found mostly in flat bones
-pelvis,scapula,skull and sternum
-stem cells grown into the red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.
- Hematopiesis- generatiob of red blood cells
Yellow bone marrow
-Found in medullary cavity of long bones
-Femur and humerus
-Contains mesenchymal stem cells
-Produce cartilage, fat and bones
-aids in storage of fats in cells called adipocytes
Osteoblasts
A cell that secretes the matrix for bone formation.
Osteoclasts
A type of bone cell that breaks down bone tissue
Epiphysis
End point of a long bone that grows separately from the shaft
Diaphysis
Shaft, central part of long bone
Cartilage
At the ends of each growing bone
Periosteum
Dense layer of connective tissue covering bones, except at joints
Medullary cavity
Central cavity of bone where bone marrow is located
Haversian canal
Surround blood vessels and nerve cells throughout bones and communicate with bone cells.
Osteocyte
A bone cell, formed when an osteoblast becomes embedded in the matrix it has secreted.
Commuted fracture
A break or splinter of the bone into more than two fragments
Depression fracture
Fracture of the skull
Compression fracture
A fracture that occurs because of compression of the bone in the spine
Transverse fracture
Break of bone at a right angle
Oblique fracture
The bone breaks diagonally
Spiral fracture
Occuring when a rotating force is applied along the axis of a bone
Greenstick fracture
Fracture in a young, soft bone in which the bone bends and breaks
Open fracture
Open wound
Closed fracture
Non wound fracture
Osteon
structural unit of compact bone
Osteon parts
lamellae, lacunae, canaliculi, haversian canal
