Bone Structure Flashcards
Articular cartilage
On ends of epiphyses
Epiphysis
forms a joint with another bone. At each end are covered with articular cartilage and articular with other bones
- Proximal- nearest torso
- Distal- farthest from torso
Epiphyseal plate
Growth zone of hyaline cartilage
Diaphysis
Shaft between epiphyses
- contains medullary cavity filled with marrow
Periosteum
Membrane around bone(except articular cartilage) of dense irregular connective tissue
- helps form and repair bone tissue
Compact bone
- forms diaphysis and epiphyseal surfaces
- diaphysis mainly composed of tightly packed tissue called compact bones
- extracellular matrix NO spaces
Spongy bone
Within epiphyses
- trabeculae- structural lattice in spongy bone
- irregular interconnecting spaces between bony plates, trabeculae, that reduce weight of bone
Medullary cavity
Compact bone in the diaphysis of a long bone forms a semirigid tube, which has a HOLLOW chamber called medullary cavity
Endosteum
Thin membrane lining medullary cavity of reticular connective tissue
Yellow marrow
Occupies the medullary cavity
Red marrow
Occupies spongy bone in some epiphyses and flat bones
Osteon
Cylinder- shaped unit
Central canal
Contains blood vessels and nerves
Bone extracellular matrix
Collagen and calcium phosphate
Lamella
Concentric ring of matrix around central canal
