BONE STRUCTURE Flashcards
Function of skeleton
Support, allow movement, protection, storage and formation of red blood cells in marrow
Two types of bone tissue
Compact and cancellous
Compact bone
Strong and good at transmites tension in 1D
Cancellous
Light, spongy, resists and transmits for in multiple directions
Bone classes
Long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones
Long bones
Longer than they are wider, composed of wide Ephysis and longer diaphysis, acts as lever and strong compact bone in the diaphysis
Short bones
Similar size and length ( usually circular or square), mostly cancellous ( shock absorbing), transmits force in multiple directions, weight bearing
Irregular bones
Doesn’t fit in most of the category, has formina or holes
Flat bones
Lots of muscle attachments, thin plates of compact bones
Division of the skeleton
Axial and appendicular skeleton
Axial and its function
Bones of the core: skull, sternum, vertebral column, sacrum and coccyx
Function: protects vital organs
Appendicular and its function
Bones of the limbs: Upper and lower limbs
Most important for movements
Axial skeleton ( The skull and facial bones - function )
Cranium- encloses brain and lots of muscle attachments
Facial bones: protects facial sensory organs
Join at sutures( immovable)
Axial skeleton ( vertebral column and its division)
Keeps the trunk upright, lots of muscle attachments, supports head
Divisions: cervicle: 7
Thoracic: 12
Lumbar: 5
Sacrum and coccyx
Appendicular skeleton
Upper limbs: hands, forearms, arm
Lower limbs: thighs, leg, foot
