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Oral Pathology Exam 6 > Bone Pathology IV - Neoplasms > Flashcards

Bone Pathology IV - Neoplasms Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the features of Benign neoplasms of the bone

A 
Asymptomatic
Grows slowly and by expansion 
Displaces teeth and expands the cortex
Symmetrical
DOES NOT metastasize

Cortication = Slow growing = benign

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2
Q

Describe the features of Malignant neoplasms of bone

A 
Usually symptomatic
Grows rapidly
Invades and destroys adjacent structures
Asymmetrical
Ragged or poorly defined borders and destroys cortex
Lays down bone outside cortex
Capable of Metastasis

*FLOATING TEETH
Root Resorption

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3
Q

Name the Benign neoplasms of Osseous origin

A

Exostoses - not neoplastic
Ossifying fibroma (odontogenic tumor)
Osteoid osteoma
Osteoblastoma

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4
Q

Name the Benign neoplasms of Cartilaginous origin

A

Chondroma
Chondromyxoid fibroma
Benign chondroblastoma

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5
Q

Name the Benign neoplasms of Fibrous origin

A

Desmoplastic fibroma

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6
Q

Name the Malignant neoplasms of Osseous origin

A

Osteosarcoma, Osteogenic sarcoma

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7
Q

Name the malignant neoplasms of Cartilaginous origin

A

Chondrosarcoma

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8
Q

Name the Malignant neoplasms of marrow origin

A

Ewing’s sarcoma
Multiple myeloma
Metastatic disease

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9
Q

Define Exostosis

A

A localized proliferation of bone that arises from the cortical plate

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10
Q

Characteristics of Exostosis

A 
Minimal to no medullary bone involvement
Single or multiple
Sporadic sites
Site specific locations 
   - Torus palatinus
   - Torus mandibularis
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11
Q

Clinical features of Exostosis

A

Buccal area of the maxillary or mandibular alveolar ridge is most common site

  • often bilateral
  • Can also occur on lingual/palatal areas

Adults
Bony hard, elevated, nodular lesion

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12
Q

Location of Torus Palatinus

A

Always located in the midline of the hard palate

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13
Q

Etiology of Torus palatinus

A

Probably multifactorial

- Genetic? Environmental?

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14
Q

Clinical appearance of Torus Palatinus

A

Bony hard, elevated, nodular lesion

  • May be lobulated when large
  • asymptomatic
  • thin overlying mucosa may ulcerate easily

Wide variation in size from small to large

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15
Q

Location of Torus Mandibularis

A

Lingual premolar area of the mandible

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16
Q

Etiology of Torus mandibularis

A

Probably multifactorial

- Genetic? Environmental?

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17
Q

Clinical appearnce of Torus Mandibulris

A

Bony hard, elevated, nodular lesions

  • *90% are bilateral!
  • Asymptomatic
  • Thin overlying mucosa may ulcerate easily
  • May be lobulated when large

Wide variation in size from small to large

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18
Q

Define Osteoma

A

A localized proliferation of bone

- Involves the medullary bone or cortical bone (may appear like tori)

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19
Q

Osteoma may be a manifestation of what?

A

Gardner’s syndrome

20
Q

*Describe the general characteristics of Gardner’s Syndrome

A

Inherited disease

  • Multiple osteomas
  • Jaws (angle of mandible)
  • Frontal bone
  • Frontal and ethmoid sinuses
  • Supernumerary teeth

** ~100% incidence of malignant transformation

21
Q

Osteoid Osteoma

A

True neoplasm of bone

RARE;

22
Q

Demographic patterns of Osteoid Osteoma

A

Wide age range

Usually less than 30 years of age (85%)

23
Q

**Clinical presentation of Osteoid Osteoma

A
  • *Nocturnal pain

* *Relieved by aspirin

24
Q

Radiographic appearance of a “target” in Osteoid Osteoma

A

Small lesion, less than 1 cm in diamter
Central opacity
Peripheral radiolucent halo
Corticated rim

25
Q

Osteoblastoma

A

True neoplasm of bone

Rare;

26
Q

Most common site of Osteoblastoma

A

Mandible

27
Q

Demographics of Osteoblastoma

A

Wide age range
Usually less than 30 years of age
Males 2:1

28
Q

Clinical characteristics of Osteoblastoma

A

Pain
Not nocturnal
Not relieved by aspirin

29
Q

Chondroma

A

Adults (20-40 yrs), in extremities

Rare in Head and Neck region

30
Q

Desmoplastic Fibroma

A

Benign locally aggressive fibrous boney neoplasm

Bone equivalent of soft tissue fibromatosis (desmoid tumors)

31
Q

Demographic pattern of desmoplastic fibroma

A

Children and young adults
85% in mandible
Posterior mandible and ascending ramus

32
Q

radiographic findings of Desmoplastic fibroma

A

Radiolucency
Unilocular to multilocular
Borders well defined or poorly defined

33
Q

Treatment of Desmoplastic fibroma

A

Curettage with 70% recurrence, resection with 20% recurrence

34
Q

Osteosarcoma

A

A malignant neoplasm of osteoblastic cells

Produces osteoid matrix that may or may not calcify

35
Q

What is the most common primary malignancy of bone

A

Osteosarcoma

7% occur in the jaws

36
Q

Demographic patterns of Osteosarcoma

A

Wide age range from young to old
Males slightly more often affected
Mandible = maxilla

37
Q

Clinical features of Osteosarcoma

A

Swelling and pain

  • loosening of adjacent teeth
  • paresthesia/anesthesia
38
Q

Radiographic features of Osteosarcoma

A

Ill defined lesion

blends into surrounding bone

39
Q

Specific features of OSteosarcoma

A
  • Symmetrical widening of the PDL space
  • Alveolar bone production above the level of the normal alveolar crest
  • Irregular root resorption or a spiked root form
  • Sunburst or sun-ray appearance
40
Q

Juxtacortical Osteosarcoma

A

Osteosarcoma arising on the cortical surface rather than in an intramedullary location

41
Q

Chondrosarcoma

A

Malignant bone neoplasm producing cartilage but not bone

- Relatively unusual lesion in the jaws. Normal cartilage is largely absent in the jaws.

42
Q

Demographic pattern of Chondrosarcoma

A

Wide age range, most over 50 (6-7 decades)
Males slightly more affected
Maxillary greater than mandible

43
Q

Symptoms of Chondrosarcoma

A

Usually non-painful
Loosening of adjacent teeth
Paresthesia/anesthesia

44
Q

Radiographic features of Chondrosarcoma

A

Poorly defined, asymmetric lesion

Completely lucent to mixed to predominantly opaque

45
Q

Treatment and prognosis of Chondrosarcoma

A

Radical surgical ablation

- Local recurrence is challenge

46
Q

Ewing’s sarcoma

A

Unique translocation 11;22
6-10% of all primary bone tumors
Pelvic bones and femur account for >50% of all cases

Oral Pathology Exam 6 (5 decks)

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