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Bone Histo Lecture > Bone Histo Lecture > Flashcards

Bone Histo Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

Components of compact bone

A

Net positive charge
Attracts negative stains
Hypocellular
No clusters of osteocytes

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2
Q

Cartilage vs bone cell type and location

A

Cartilage: large round cells in clusters in the ECM
Bone: ellipsoid, isolated cells in mineral, more hypocellular

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3
Q

Cartilage vs bone texture

A

Cartilage: firm, gel-like, high tensile strength, resilience, elasticity
Bone: mineralized and hard

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4
Q

Cartilage vs bone vascularization

A

Cartilage: avascular

Bone: vascular

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5
Q

Cartilage vs bone metabolism

A

Cartilage: low metabolic rate

Bone: high metabolic rate

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6
Q

Cartilage vs Bone ECM

A

Cartilage: type 2 collagen and Aggrecan\

Bone: type 1 collagen, small PG and glycoproteins

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7
Q

Cartilage vs bone permeability

A

Cartilage: permeable

Bone: impermeable

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8
Q

Cartilage vs bone growth

A

Cartilage: capacity for continued growth

Bone: complex structure with capacity for remodeling

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9
Q

Osteoprogenitors

A

Stem cells for bone; spindle shaped, found near bone surface in periosteum and endosteum

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10
Q

Bone lining cells

A

Flattened, line bone surfaces; likely are quiescent osteoblasts

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11
Q

Osteoblasts

A

Bone-forming cells, proliferation, cuboidal, appear as sheets on bone surfaces; deposit Osteoid

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12
Q

Osteocytes

A

Mature bone cells, non-proliferative, encased in mineral, filopodia for monitoring calcium levels

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13
Q

Osteoclasts

A

Break down or resort bone, large, multinucleate, found on bone surfaces, not Mesenchymal

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14
Q

Matrix composition of bone: 2 phases

A

Inorganic phase and organic phase

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15
Q

Inorganic phase of bone ECM

A

Mineralized and make up 75%

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16
Q

Organic phase of bone

A

Type 1 collagen (90%)
Small PG and glycoproteins (10%)

Total makes up 25%

Living

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17
Q

Quarter staggered arrangements of type 1 collagen molecules into collagen fibril results in

A

Hole zones and cross striations of fibrils

18
Q

What happens in the hole zones

A

Calcium-binding molecules bind to collagen and mineral deposition occurs

19
Q

Mineral deposition in hole zones causes mineral plates to form which allows bone to

A

Bend

20
Q

Products of EO

A

Axial and appendicular skeleton and certain cranial bones

21
Q

Products of IO

A

Most cranial bones and periosteal bones

22
Q

Summary of Intramembranous ossification

A

Involves a direct differentiation of Mesenchymal or osteoprogenitor cells to osteoblasts, which secret a bone matrix. Bone forms through Apositional growth and the end result of IO is compact or cortical or dense bone without marrow cavity

23
Q

Trabecular bone has high surface area to sequester

A

Calcium

24
Q

IO summary steps

A

Mesenchymal cells and osteoids

Osteoids are mineralized and Mesenchymal cells become osteoblasts

Osteoblasts are trapped by mineral

Osteoblasts become osteocytes and create a mineralized bone matrix

25
Q

Osteocytes sends how much pressure bone is under and can sense …. Concentration

A

Calcium concentration

26
Q

When calcium is too low, what happens

A

Degradation

27
Q

When calcium is too high, what happens

A

Sequestering

28
Q

Osteocyte in its lacunae is encased by a mineralized osteoid matrix. Filopodia of the osteocytes extend into the canaliculi of the matrix in order to

A

Contact adjacent cells

29
Q

Osteoclasts are not Mesenchymal. They are of hematopoietic lineage and come from

A

Monocytes

30
Q

Primary bone

A

The first bone laid down, regardless of EO or IO, and represents a temporary immature skeleton

31
Q

Primary bone organization

A

Not well organized and greater cell-to-matrix ratio than mature bone

32
Q

Primary bone is replaced by ….. through

A

Primary bone is replaced by secondary bone through modeling and remodeling

33
Q

By the time the skeleton stops growing, all bone is

A

Secondary, lamellar bone

34
Q

In IO-derived bone, lamellar bone is organized in functional units called

A

Osteons

35
Q

Osteons consist of

A

Central Haversian canal with blood vessels and nerves, concentric lamellae of bone matrix, and inhabiting cells

36
Q

Bone remodeling steps

A

Osteoclasts degrade bone and create respiration pits

Blood vessels inside pits and import osteoprogenitors which differentiate into osteoblasts

Osteoblasts align along the exposed bone surface and secrete osteoid in lamellae around the central Haversian canal

37
Q

Bone modeling and remodeling occurs in all stages of life and depends on what 2 cells

A

Osteoclasts and osteoblasts

38
Q

Skeletogenesis modeling

A

Bones change width and shape

Primary to secondary bone

39
Q

Adult homeostasis remodeling

A

Means for bone to adapt to mechanical pressure
Calcium storage and release mechanism

40
Q

Pathology remodeling

A

Fracture repair, calcium imbalance, osteoblasts/osteoclasts dysfunction

Bone Histo Lecture (1 decks)

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