Bone drugs

Question 1

what 3 factors regulate calcium homeostasis

Answer 1

vit d, PTH, and FGFP 23

Question 2

what is the net effect of vit d (calcitriol) on plasma ca and po4

Answer 2

increases both

Question 3

what is the net effect of PTH on plasma ca and po4

Answer 3

increases plasma ca and decreases plasma po4

Question 4

what is the net effect of FGF23 on plasma ca and po4

Answer 4

no effect on plasma ca and decreases plasma po4

Question 5

what disregulated ion causes cardiac arrythmias and seizures?

Answer 5

ca (HYPOcalcemia)

Question 6

when calcium levels are low, what happens to vit d and PTH?

Answer 6

both increase

Question 7

if calcium levels are increased, what happens to PTH and vit d

Answer 7

both decrease

Question 8

if PO4 levels increase, what happens to FGF23, PTH, and vit d?

Answer 8

FGF23 and PTH increase and vit d decreases

Question 9

deficiency of what will cause hypocalcemia

Answer 9

PTH

Question 10

How does estrogen impact osteoblast and osteoclast activity

Answer 10

Increases osteoblasts and decreases osteoclasts

Question 11

How does menopause affect bone loss

Answer 11

rapid degeneration of trabecular bone in 3-5 years (results in vertebral fractures) slow degeneration of cortical bone in 10 to 20 years

Question 12

how much calcium should you recommend your patients take

Answer 12

800-1000 mg

Question 13

how much vit d should your patients take

Answer 13

800 IU

Question 14

what are the adverse effects of calcium supplementation

Answer 14

gi upset, urolithiasis, prostate cancer, constipation

Question 15

moa of ca

Answer 15

increase GI uptake of ca, decrease PTH release, and increase remodeling

Question 16

moa of vit d supplementation

Answer 16

increase GI absorption of calcium and phos and decrease PTH

Question 17

moa of bisphosphonates

Answer 17

decrease # of osteoclasts, decreases bone resorption and decreases apoptosis

Question 18

what are the names of the first line bisphosphonates

Answer 18

alendronate, risedronate, and zoledronate

Question 19

how should bisphosphonates be taken to increase absorption

Answer 19

sitting up, with water, 1 hour prior to any other oral intake that day

Question 20

adverse effects of bisphosphonates

Answer 20

jaw osteonecrosis, arthralgias, myalgias, atypical femur fracture, esophageal ulcer