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Human Anatomy And Physiology Exam 2 > Bone And Skeletal Tissue > Flashcards

Bone And Skeletal Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary function of bones in the body?

A

Support, protection, and movement

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2
Q

True or False: Bones are constantly remodeling throughout life.

A

True

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3
Q

What type of tissue makes up the majority of bone mass?

A

Compact bone tissue

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4
Q

What is the basic structural unit of compact bone tissue?

A

Osteon

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5
Q

What type of bone tissue is found in the ends of long bones and within vertebrae?

A

Spongy bone tissue

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6
Q

What are the cells responsible for bone formation?

A

Osteoblasts

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7
Q

What are the cells responsible for bone resorption?

A

Osteoclasts

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8
Q

What is the process of bone formation called?

A

Ossification

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9
Q

Which hormone plays a key role in regulating calcium levels in the blood?

A

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

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10
Q

What is the term for the process of bone breakdown and resorption?

A

Bone remodeling

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11
Q

What is the outer covering of bones called?

A

Periosteum

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12
Q

What is the name of the tough, fibrous membrane that lines the medullary cavity of bones?

A

Endosteum

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13
Q

What is the name of the process by which bone tissue is replaced by new bone tissue?

A

Bone turnover

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14
Q

What are the structures that connect bones to other bones or muscles called?

A

Ligaments and tendons

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15
Q

What is the term for the area where two or more bones meet?

A

Joint

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16
Q

What is the name of the condition characterized by weakened and brittle bones?

A

Osteoporosis

17
Q

What is the name of the condition in which there is a loss of bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue?

A

Osteopenia

18
Q

What is the name of the process by which bones grow in length?

A

Endochondral ossification

19
Q

What is the term for the process by which bones increase in diameter?

A

Appositional growth

20
Q

Which vitamin is essential for the absorption of calcium and bone health?

A

Vitamin D

21
Q

What is the name of the condition characterized by a deficiency of vitamin D, leading to soft and weak bones?

A

Rickets

22
Q

What is the name of the condition characterized by excessive bone resorption and abnormal bone formation?

A

Paget’s disease

23
Q

What is the name of the specialized cells found in bone tissue that maintain bone health?

A

Osteocytes

24
Q

What are the small cavities within bone tissue that house osteocytes called?

A

Lacunae

Human Anatomy And Physiology Exam 2 (3 decks)

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