Bone Flashcards
Wolff’s Law
”adaptive changes in the structure and biomechanical properties of bones in accordance with the functional demands”
Piezo-electric Effect
Mechanical movement of a tissue results in the development of an electrical charge
Compression will increase development of cortical bone mineral deposition (negative (-) charges)
Tension will increase bone resorption (+ charges)
Cortical Bone:
- arranged in circular columns
- Found on perimeter of structure
- More rigid
- Higher mineralization
- Resists blunt force
Osteons:
- Contain central “Haversian Canal”
- are connected by Volkman Canal
Cancellous Bone:
- Gaps
- Osteoid fills gaps
- Still contains osteocytes
- Higher production of collagen
- Less mineralization
- Contains red bone marrow
for bone growth to occur:
Osteoblast activity must exceed osteoclast activity
Hormones involved in stimulating bone growth:
- HGH
- Insulin-like growth factor
- Sex hormones
- Testosterone
- Androgen
- Estrogen
Longitudinal growth:
laying down of chondrocytes
Diaphysis
Long portion of bone
Metaphysis
transition from shaft to end of bone
Epiphysis
end of the bone; contains the epiphyseal plate
Epiphyseal plate:
Site of longitudinal growth
contains cartilage
Center of bone
Medullary canal
Carpals:
Scaphoid Lunate Triquetium Pisiform Trapezium Capitate Hamate
Sesmoid
Free floating, embedded in tendon, provide mechanical advantage.
