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Organ Histo Exam 2 > Bone > Flashcards

Bone Flashcards

1
Q

4 main functions of bone

A
  1. Structural support
  2. Levers for muscles (locomotion)
  3. Protect organs - house marrow
  4. Metabolic reserve for minerals
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2
Q

Matrix of bone (2 main components)

A

Inorganic matrix and Organic matrix

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3
Q

What % of dry weight is Inorganic Matrix

A

65%

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4
Q

Components of Inorganic Matrix

A

Hydroxyapatite
Calcium phosphate
Other minerals

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5
Q

What % of dry weight is Organic matrix

A

35% (can be called Osteoid)

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6
Q

Components of Organic Matrix (3)

A

Collage (Type I)
GAG’s
Glycoproteins

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7
Q

Collagen of Organic Matrix is primarily what type?

A

Type I

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8
Q

Collagen is roughly what % of Organic Matrix

A

80-90%

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9
Q

2 types of GAGs w/in Organic Matrix

A

sulfated and nonsulfated

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10
Q

Sulfated GAGs w/in Organic Matrix (2)

A

chondroitin and keratin

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11
Q

Nonsulfated GAG w/in Organic Matrix

A

hyaluronic acid

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12
Q

Glycoproteins w/in Organic Matrix

A

proteins that bind minerals to collagen = binding proteins

proteins that bind matrix to cells (sialoprotein)

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13
Q

Bone cells (5)

A 
Osteoprogenitor
Osteoblast
Osteocyte
Bone-lining cell
Osteoclast
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14
Q

Osteoprogenitor appearance

A

flat

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15
Q

Osteoprogenitor location

A

endosteum and periosteum

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16
Q

Osteoprogenitor: derived from

A

usually mesenchyme cells

possibly chrondrogenic cells

17
Q

Osteoprogenitor: function

A

to supply osteoblasts

18
Q

Do Osteoprogenitors undergo mitosis?

19
Q

Osteoblast appearance

A

cuboid to columnar

20
Q

Osteoblast locations

A

endosteum and periosteum

21
Q

Osteoblast: derived from

A

osteoprogenitors

22
Q

Osteoblast: functions

A
  1. formation of bone
  2. produce materials (matrix vesicles) which initiate calcification of newly produced bony matrix
  3. respond to PTH
23
Q

Osteoblast response to PTH

A
  1. secrete OPGL - initital creation of more osteoclasts
  2. secrete osteoclast-stimulating factor
  3. produce enzymes to condition bone surface for osteoclasts
24
Q

Do osteoblasts undergo mitosis?

25
Q

Osteocyte appearance

A

conforms to lacuna

26
Q

Osteocyte location

A

surrounded by matrix

27
Q

Osteocyte functions

A
  1. maintain and monitor matrix
  2. release factors to influence osteoblast activities and creation of more osteoclasts
  3. sense mechanical stressors
  4. ca++ homeostasis
28
Q

Do Osteocytes under mitosis?

29
Q

Bone-lining cell appearance

A

flat (just like… osteoprogenitors)

30
Q

Bone-lining cell location

31
Q

Bone-lning cell: derived from

A

usually Osteoblast*

possible osteocyte

32
Q

Bone-lining cell function

A

to wait to be reactivated during bone growth to then become osteoblasts

33
Q

Do Bone-lining cells undergo mitosis?

A

not usually

Organ Histo Exam 2 (1 decks)

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