Bone

Question 1

Components

Answer 1

Ground substance (chondroitin sulphate, hyaluronic acid)
And
Fibres (type 1 collagen)
Form osteoid (unmineralised)
Cells (osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes)

Question 2

Osteoid becoming mineralised

Answer 2

Deposition of hydroxyapatite

Question 3

Framework

Answer 3

Hydroxyapatite gives bone strength
Collagen gives flexibility

Question 4

Outside of bone

Answer 4

Connective tissue proper dense regular periosteum

Question 5

Bone composition

Answer 5

Compact (cortical) on outside and spongy (trabecular) on inside

Question 6

Cells capable of division

Answer 6

Osteogenic/Osteoprogenitor

Question 7

Periosteum layers

Answer 7

Dense irregular fibre layer on outside and inner osteogenic cell layer

Question 8

What is each individual spike called

Answer 8

Trabeculae

Question 9

How are compact and spongy bones arranged

Answer 9

Layers known as lamellae

Question 10

Units of compact bone

Answer 10

Osteon (Haversion System) are units of concentric layers of lamellae.

Question 11

What is the central channel called

Answer 11

Haversian canal

Question 12

What are the smaller canals called

Answer 12

Volkmann’s

Question 13

Directly below periosteum

Answer 13

Circumferential lamellae

Question 14

Bits between osteons

Answer 14

Interstitial lamellae

Question 15

Where are osteocytes

Answer 15

Lacunae

Question 16

Canals connecting osteocytes

Answer 16

Canaliculi

Question 17

Why are canals important between osteocytes

Answer 17

Presence of hydroxyapatite

Question 18

Spongy bone layers

Answer 18

Lamellar layers

Question 19

What is trabeculae lined by

Answer 19

Endosteum