bone Flashcards
ossification
replacement of cartilage with bone
bone
dense, hard connective tissue of the skeleton
osteoblast (cell)
produce immature bony tissue that replaces cartilage
osteocyte
nourishes and maintains bone
osteoclast
re-absorb or digest bone (remodels bone)
bone formation components
depends on calcium, phosphorus, and vit D; calcium phosphate enzyme helps create hard bone
mineral of bone, required for nerve transmittal to muscle (inc heart muscles)
calcium
calcium level is maintained in blood by (also responsible for secreting a hormone to release calcium from the bone
the parathyroid gland
where cartilage is replaced by bone for length-wise bone growth
growth plate, epiphyseal line/plate
this cushions the joint
articular cartilage
harder & denser bone
compact (cortical) bone
vessels, nerves, yellow marrow
haversian canals
mesh-like bone tissue (red marrow)
cancellous/spongy/trabecular bone
contains yellow bone marrow
medullary cavity
membrane within medullary cavity
endosteum
bones of the skull, spine, and chest
axial skeleton
bones of the upper and lower limbs, shoulder, and pelvis
appendicular skeleton
of bones in cranium
8 (2 parietal, 2 temporal, 1 sphenoid, 1 frontal, 1 occipital, 1 ethmoid)
facial bones
2 maxillary, 2 zygomatic, 2 nasal, vomer, mandible, 2 lacrimal
of vertebrae
24: 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar
5 fused vertebrae attached to pelvis
sacrum
4 fused vertebrae at lower end of spine
coccyx/tailbone
of ribs
12 pairs, 7 true ribs, 8-10 false ribs, 11&12 floating ribs
