BONE Flashcards
Bones are:
-Very active tissue
- Made up of several types of tissues
- Organs- Every Bone is an organ
Function of the Bone
- Muscle attachment
- Protection and support
- Blood cell production
- Storage of minerals ( calcium and magnesium)
Bone structure
Bone differ in shape and size
Have many features in common
Bone ( osseous) tissue is considered to be connective tissue.
There are two types of bone structures
Compact bone : highly organized
Spongy Bone : Has opening & has a Spongy appearance ( cancellous)
Parts of Long Bone ( arms and legs)
- Epiphysis
- Articular
- Diaphysis
- Periosteum
- Medulary cavity
Epiphysis
- Ends of the bone
- Made up of Spongy bone
- Filled with red marrow
Articular (Hyaline) Cartilage
Most abundant throughout the body
-Covers the epiphyses
Diaphysis
-Shaft of the bone
- Made up of compact bone
Periosteum
-Connective tissue
-Cover the bone
Medullary Cavity
-Hollow cavity of the diaphysis
- Filled with yellow marrow
- lined with endosteum.
Microscopic Structure
Compact bone is organized in units called OSTEONS ( Haversian system)
- only found in compact bone.
Osteocyctes
Bone cells
Lacunae
Opening that contain bone cells
Matrix
Made up of inorganic salts- How nutrient get through to bone.
Canaliculi
small canals that run through matrix
Haversian ( Central ) Canals
Contain blood vessels
Volkmanns’s canals
Connect osteons
Lamellae
Concentric rings
Spongy (cancellous) bone
not made up of osteons. They have trabeculae.
Bone development ossification and growth
Bones form from connective tissue in the fetus
Intramembranous
-membranes become bones
- seen in flat bones (skull)
Intramembranous ( Process)
- Osteoblasts ( Immature Bone cells) produce a framework ( Trabeluae) of bone tissue- (produce bone)
- Calcium Salts are deposited. A matrix is made
- Spaces fill with red marrow
- osteoblasts mature into osteocytes- can no longer produce bone
- Surface are changed into compact bone.
Endochondral
cartilage become bone
seen in long bones
