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Notes of Truth > Bone > Flashcards

Bone Flashcards

1
Q

MC benign bone tumor

A

osteochondroma

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2
Q

MC benign bone tumor of spine

A

hemangioma

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3
Q

MC benign bone tumor of hand

A

enchondroma

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4
Q

MC benign tumor of clavicle

A

ABC

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5
Q

MC benign bone tumor of sacrum

A

GCT

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6
Q

MC benign rib lesion

A

FD

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7
Q

MC malignant bone tumor

A

mets

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8
Q

MC primary tumor of bone

A

MM (27%)

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9
Q

MC malignant tumor of spine

A

mets

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10
Q

MC malignant tumor of hand, scapula, sternum

A

chondrosarcoma

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11
Q

MC malignant bone tumor of kids

A

osteosarcoma

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12
Q

MC malignant childhood disease

A

acute leukemia

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13
Q

MC ST tumor in late adult life

A

malignant fibrous histiocytoma

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14
Q

MC pelvic neoplasms irradiated

A

CA of cervix, prostate, bladder

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15
Q

MC type of childhood leukemia

A

acute lymphocytic leukemia

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16
Q

MC type of adult leukemia

A

chronic myeloid or lymphomatic

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17
Q

MC tumor of clivus

A

chordoma

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18
Q

MC mets bone tumor in kids

A

osteosarcoma, ewings, neuroblastoma

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19
Q

MC cause of death in MM

A

respiratory failure secondary from pneumonia

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20
Q

MC site of extramedullary plasmacytoma

A

nasopharynx

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21
Q

MC site of septic pyogenic arthritis

A

knees and hip

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22
Q

MC site of skel mets

A

spine (50%)
hip/knee (30%)
other (20%)

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23
Q

MC location for Pagets

A

pelvis

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24
Q

MC location for paget’s sarcoma

A

femur (yoch, res)

pelvis (p&j)

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25
Q

MC location for simple bone cyst

A

prox humerus and femur

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26
Q

MC benign neoplasm of patella

A

chondroblastoma

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27
Q

MC primary to bone mets

A

lung, breast, prostate

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28
Q

MC primary blow out mets

A 
"RATS L"
renal
adrenal
thyroid 
skin (melanoma)
lung
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29
Q

MC acral mets

A

lung

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30
Q

MC site of acral mets

A

foot

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31
Q

MC primary malignant bone tumor to mets to bone

A

ewings

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32
Q

MC neoplastic causes of scoliosis (provoked by pain)

A

osteoid osteoma (L spine), osteoblastoma

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33
Q

MC primary thoracic cage childhood skeletal tumor

A

ewings (maybe FD?)

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34
Q

MC cause of bilateral acetabuli protrusio

A

RA

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35
Q

MC cause of absent pedicle

A

lytic mets

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36
Q

MC complication of pagets and mets

A

path fracture

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37
Q

MC metabolic bone disease

A

Osteoporosis

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38
Q

MC VB affected by chordoma

A

C2

39
Q

MC infectious agent in septic arthritis

A

staph aureus

40
Q

MC site of skeletal TB

A

spine (TL)

41
Q

Rarest benign bone tumor

A

intraosseous lipoma

42
Q

MC site of tarsal coalition

A

talocalcaneal and calcaneonavicular

43
Q

MC site of carpal coalition

A

lunotriquetral (and capitate-hamate - 2nd)

44
Q

MC developmental hand anomaly

A

syndactyly

45
Q

MC neuropathy associated with scoliosis

A

poliomyelitis (Duschene’s m dystrophy now)

46
Q

MC bony abnormality associated with neurofibromatosis

A

scoliosis

47
Q

MC direct cause of death in scoliotics

A

congestive heart failure

48
Q

MC inf organism in sickle cell

A

staph aureus

49
Q

MC form of dwarfism

A

achondroplasia

50
Q

MC chest wall deformity

A

pectus excavatum

51
Q

MC cause of tibiotalar slant

A

multiple epiph dysplasia, JRA, hemophilia

52
Q

MC worldwide fungal inf of skeleton

A 
madura foot (maduromycosis. Madurella mycetomi or actinomycetes like Nocardia brasillensis) 
MRI: dot in circle sign (and US)
53
Q

MC two disorders to cause pseudoarthrosis

A

FD and NFM

54
Q

MC site of synnoviochondrometaplasia

A

Knee (70%)

elbow, hip, ankle

55
Q

MC site of OCD

A 
lateral aspect of medial femoral condyle 
next: 
talus (med and lat dome)
hip (sup wt bearing surface) 
patella (med facet) 
foot (metatarsal head) 
elbow (capitellum)
56
Q

MC cause of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy

A

secondary; broncogenic carcinoma (higher % of mesothelioma cause HOA)

57
Q

MC only primary malignant bone tumor to cross joint

A

chordoma

58
Q

MC skin lesion in neurofibromatosis

A

fibroma molluscum

59
Q

MC site for hemophilic arthropathy

A

knee

ankle, elbow

60
Q

MC sites for hemophilic pseudotumor

A

femur

pelvis, tibia, hand

61
Q

MC clotting factor deficiency in hemophilia

A

classic (8)

2nd - christmas (9)

62
Q

MC forearm fracture

A

colles

63
Q

MC wrist fracture

A

scaphoid

64
Q

MC salter-harris

A

2 (50-70%)

65
Q

MC lunate dislocation

A

perilunate fracture-dislocation (MC than pure lunate dislc’)

66
Q

MC atlas fracture

A

posterior arch

67
Q

MC extraspinal site for DISH

A

pelvis

patella, calcaneus, foot, elbow

68
Q

DISH %

A

50% diabetes and OPLL
40% HLA-B8 +
30% periph joint manifestations
20% dysphagia

69
Q

Neurotrophic %

A

25% those with syryngomyelia
20% syphilitics
5% diabetics
“jigsaw VB” spinal involvement

70
Q

RA %

A 
50-80% C spine involved 
25% C1-C2 (up to 50% with severe dx)
20% RA nodules 
15% protrusio
superior rib erosions
71
Q

JCA %

A

90% seronegative (50% polyarticular - microganthia, bird facies, MCP, wrist, foot, ankle. 30% pauciarticular - iridocyclitis, large jts MC knee. 20% classic systemic (mild jt changes)
30% instability C1-C2
10% seropositive - like adult RA
+periostitis and “squashed carpal sign”-absent small carpal compartment

72
Q

AS %

A 
90% HLA-B27+
80% chronic prostatitis 
60% first rad signs at TL junction 
50% peripheral large joint involvement (hip, shoulder, knee)
25% iritis 
8% renal failure (amyloidosis) 
2-15% C1-C2 involvement
cardiac complications: tachycardia, conduction defects, aortitis, aortic aneurysms, pulm involvement (bilat apical fibrosis)
73
Q

Enteropathic arthritis %

A

15% msk involved (effusions, arthralgia, erythema)
10-12% HLA-B27+
5-10% spine involvement (full blown AS)
MC cause: UC and Crohns. less common: whipples, yersinia, salmonella, shigella

74
Q

Psoriatic %

A 
80% with nail involvement 
75% HLA-B27 +
60% spinal disease 
30-50% SI jt 
45% C1-C2 instability 
15% with skin lesions develop arthritis (some say 7%)
75
Q

Reiters %

A 
75% or more have HLA-B27+
50% lover's heel
50% SI joint involvement 
30% get skin lesion (keratoderma blenorrhagica) 
50 M:F 1
76
Q

SLE %

A

90% articular signs and sx
5-10% adults get osteonecrosis (40% in younger pt)
5% C1-C2 involvement
sheet like or punctate ca++ w/n myofascial planes

77
Q

Scleroderma %

A 
90% Raynaud's 
90% dysphagia, heartburn, eophageal involved 
50% resroption of distal tufts 
20% ST ca++ 
Thieberge-Weissenbach Syndrome:
		ST ca++'s
		scleroderma
		Reynaud's
		generalized telangiectasias
	"mauskopff": mouse-like facies
78
Q

HOA

A

1-3% off all bronchogenic carcinoma will lead to HOA

periostitis involves tibia, fibula, radius, ulna

79
Q

Osteitis pubis

A

1-3% pelvic surgeries result in OP (prostate, bladder, urethra, cervix). This is the most common cause (esp prostate surgery)

80
Q

Gout %

A

60% initially at 1st MTP
15% SI involvement
5% chondrocalcinosis
predilection for polynesians and new Zealand natives
x-ray changes usually lag 5-10 years behind sx
tophi get 10-12 years after onset

81
Q

CPPD %

A 
35-60% pseudoosteoarthritis 
10-20% chondrocalcinosis, asympt
10-20% pseudogout 
2-6% pseudorheumatoid 
Czech, chilean and dutch population inc incidence
82
Q

HADD %

A

3% general pop has shoulder HADD (MC site)

monoarticular MC

83
Q

Ochronosis %

A 
2 M:F 1
20-40 yo
alkaptonuria
ochronosis; black pigment deposition
orchonotic arthropathy
84
Q

Tumoral calcinosis %

A 
AKA Teutshlaender disease 
CT: sedimentation sign 
blacks
6-25yo
hip, shoulders are MC site 
primary and secondary forms
85
Q

Sarcoidosis %

A 
50% asympt 
15% skeletal manifestations
blacks and scandanavians 
20-40yo
Boeck's sacroid: with skin lesions
Lofgren's: acute onset, articular involvement, best prog
86
Q

Hemochromatosis %

A

25-50% have articular problems

87
Q

Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita

A

“curved joints”: symmetric contractures, diamond deformity (hip abd, flex, ext rot and knee flexion), normal sensation, dec muscle mass, equinovarus, talocalcaneal coalition, carpal fusion, disl’c, fx and scoliosis

88
Q

% bilateral bipartite patella

A

80%

89
Q

% bilateral legg calve perthes

A

10%

90
Q

% bilateral SCFE

A

20-30%

91
Q

% bilateral Keinbochs

A

occasional

92
Q

% bilateral OCD

A

30%

93
Q

% bilateral rotator cuff HADD

A

50%

Notes of Truth (2 decks)

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