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Bonds Flashcards

1
Q

What is a serial bond?

A

Any bond that matures in installments

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2
Q

What is a term bond?

A

Any bond that matures on a single date

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3
Q

What is a debenture bond?

A

A bond not secured by any collateral

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4
Q

What is a sinking fund bond?

A

Cash is held in a sinking fund for repayment of bond at maturity

5 years of requirements and maturity details should be disclosed

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5
Q

What is the formula to calculate proceeds of a bond sale?

A

Present Value of the principal payment at maturity+ Present Value of Interest Payments made
: Market Value of Bond Proceeds

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6
Q

How is the present value of a bond calculated?

A

Step 1: PV of $1 @ Yield Rate (not Stated Rate)
x Bond Face Value

PLUS

Step 2: PV of an Ordinary Annuity of $1 for Term @Yield
x (Stated Rate x Face)

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7
Q

Which costs are included in bond issuance costs? How are they recorded?

A

Include Engraving; Printing; Legal; Underwriter; Registration

New Way: Subtracted from Carrying Amount of the Bond
Old Way: Amortized
Treatment: Retrospective Treatment to all prior periods presented
Effect: Increases Effective Interest Rate

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8
Q

How are bonds reported when classified as trading securities?

A

Reported at FMV with unrealized gains and losses being included in earnings

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9
Q

How are bonds amortized under the interest method?

A

Both discount and premium amortization amounts increase each year

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10
Q

Describe the book value method when converting from bonds to stocks.

A

No gain or loss recognized

APIC is the plug for the difference between the Bond’s Book Value and the Par Value of the Common Stock

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11
Q

What is the stated rate for a bond?

A

Rate on the face of the bond

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12
Q

What is the market rate on a bond?

A

Rate that bonds are currently selling for

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13
Q

What happens when the bond’s market rate is greater than the stated rate?

A

Bond will need to sell at a discount in order for buyers to be interested. The difference in market rate vs. the stated is made up by the buyer purchasing the bond for less than par value

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14
Q

What happens when a bond’s market rate is less than the stated rate?

A

Bond will need to sell at a premium in order for buyers to be interested. The difference in market rate vs. the stated is made up by the buyer purchasing the bond for more than par value

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15
Q

How does accrued interest on a bond affect the purchase price?

A

The total cash that seller receives will be MORE than they normally would (set aside any considerations for premium or discount; they are irrelevant for this point).

Basically; the purchaser of the bonds must give the bond issuer the amount of accrued interest up front.

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16
Q

When does interest expense start accruing on a bond?

A

When the bonds are issued

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17
Q

How is an interest payment on a bond calculated?

A

Cash for payment : Stated rate x Face amount

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18
Q

What amount of interest is expensed on a bond interest payment?

A

Interest expense : effective yield x carrying value

Any difference between expense and cash payment is applied as amortization against premium/discount

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19
Q

What are convertible bonds? Which recording method is used?

A

Bonds that can be converted to stock

Book value method used if no gain or loss

Market value method used if there is a gain or loss

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20
Q

How is the retirement of bonds recorded?

A

Gain or Loss is Ordinary

Extraordinary if both unusual and infrequent

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21
Q

When is a gain recognized in a debt restructuring?

A

If terms are modified; and future payments are now less than the carrying amount of the debt; then a Gain is recognized

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22
Q

What is the gain recognized under a settlement of debt?

A

Gain recognized:

Difference between cash paid and carrying amount of debt

Difference between non-cash asset given and re-valued at FMV and debt carrying amount

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23
Q

For a creditor; how is a loan impairment recorded?

A

If future cash flows discounted at loan’s Effective Interest Rate are less than Carrying Value:

Effective Rate calculated using original rate; not modified rate

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24
Q

What is a serial bond?

A

Any bond that matures in installments

How well did you know this?
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25
Q

What is a term bond?

A

Any bond that matures on a single date

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26
Q

What is a debenture bond?

A

A bond not secured by any collateral

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27
Q

What is a sinking fund bond?

A

Cash is held in a sinking fund for repayment of bond at maturity

5 years of requirements and maturity details should be disclosed

How well did you know this?
1
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2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the formula to calculate proceeds of a bond sale?

A

Present Value of the principal payment at maturity+ Present Value of Interest Payments made
: Market Value of Bond Proceeds

29
Q

How is the present value of a bond calculated?

A

Step 1: PV of $1 @ Yield Rate (not Stated Rate)
x Bond Face Value

PLUS

Step 2: PV of an Ordinary Annuity of $1 for Term @Yield
x (Stated Rate x Face)

30
Q

Which costs are included in bond issuance costs? How are they recorded?

A

Include Engraving; Printing; Legal; Underwriter; Registration

New Way: Subtracted from Carrying Amount of the Bond
Old Way: Amortized
Treatment: Retrospective Treatment to all prior periods presented
Effect: Increases Effective Interest Rate

31
Q

How are bonds reported when classified as trading securities?

A

Reported at FMV with unrealized gains and losses being included in earnings

32
Q

How are bonds amortized under the interest method?

A

Both discount and premium amortization amounts increase each year

33
Q

Describe the book value method when converting from bonds to stocks.

A

No gain or loss recognized

APIC is the plug for the difference between the Bond’s Book Value and the Par Value of the Common Stock

34
Q

What is the stated rate for a bond?

A

Rate on the face of the bond

35
Q

What is the market rate on a bond?

A

Rate that bonds are currently selling for

36
Q

What happens when the bond’s market rate is greater than the stated rate?

A

Bond will need to sell at a discount in order for buyers to be interested. The difference in market rate vs. the stated is made up by the buyer purchasing the bond for less than par value

37
Q

What happens when a bond’s market rate is less than the stated rate?

A

Bond will need to sell at a premium in order for buyers to be interested. The difference in market rate vs. the stated is made up by the buyer purchasing the bond for more than par value

38
Q

How does accrued interest on a bond affect the purchase price?

A

The total cash that seller receives will be MORE than they normally would (set aside any considerations for premium or discount; they are irrelevant for this point).

Basically; the purchaser of the bonds must give the bond issuer the amount of accrued interest up front.

39
Q

When does interest expense start accruing on a bond?

A

When the bonds are issued

40
Q

How is an interest payment on a bond calculated?

A

Cash for payment : Stated rate x Face amount

41
Q

What amount of interest is expensed on a bond interest payment?

A

Interest expense : effective yield x carrying value

Any difference between expense and cash payment is applied as amortization against premium/discount

42
Q

What are convertible bonds? Which recording method is used?

A

Bonds that can be converted to stock

Book value method used if no gain or loss

Market value method used if there is a gain or loss

43
Q

How is the retirement of bonds recorded?

A

Gain or Loss is Ordinary

Extraordinary if both unusual and infrequent

44
Q

When is a gain recognized in a debt restructuring?

A

If terms are modified; and future payments are now less than the carrying amount of the debt; then a Gain is recognized

45
Q

What is the gain recognized under a settlement of debt?

A

Gain recognized:

Difference between cash paid and carrying amount of debt

Difference between non-cash asset given and re-valued at FMV and debt carrying amount

46
Q

For a creditor; how is a loan impairment recorded?

A

If future cash flows discounted at loan’s Effective Interest Rate are less than Carrying Value:

Effective Rate calculated using original rate; not modified rate

47
Q

Bonds

What is a serial bond?

A

Any bond that matures in installments

48
Q

Bonds

What is a term bond?

A

Any bond that matures on a single date

49
Q

Bonds

What is a debenture bond?

A

A bond not secured by any collateral

50
Q

Bonds

What is a sinking fund bond?

A

Cash is held in a sinking fund for repayment of bond at maturity

5 years of requirements and maturity details should be disclosed

51
Q

Bonds

What is the formula to calculate proceeds of a bond sale?

A

Present Value of the principal payment at maturity+ Present Value of Interest Payments made
: Market Value of Bond Proceeds

52
Q

Bonds

How is the present value of a bond calculated?

A

Step 1: PV of $1 @ Yield Rate (not Stated Rate)
x Bond Face Value

PLUS

Step 2: PV of an Ordinary Annuity of $1 for Term @Yield
x (Stated Rate x Face)

53
Q

Bonds

Which costs are included in bond issuance costs? How are they recorded?

A

Include Engraving; Printing; Legal; Underwriter; Registration

New Way: Subtracted from Carrying Amount of the Bond
Old Way: Amortized
Treatment: Retrospective Treatment to all prior periods presented
Effect: Increases Effective Interest Rate

54
Q

Bonds

How are bonds reported when classified as trading securities?

A

Reported at FMV with unrealized gains and losses being included in earnings

55
Q

Bonds

How are bonds amortized under the interest method?

A

Both discount and premium amortization amounts increase each year

56
Q

Bonds

Describe the book value method when converting from bonds to stocks.

A

No gain or loss recognized

APIC is the plug for the difference between the Bond’s Book Value and the Par Value of the Common Stock

57
Q

Bonds

What is the stated rate for a bond?

A

Rate on the face of the bond

58
Q

Bonds

What is the market rate on a bond?

A

Rate that bonds are currently selling for

59
Q

Bonds

What happens when the bond’s market rate is greater than the stated rate?

A

Bond will need to sell at a discount in order for buyers to be interested. The difference in market rate vs. the stated is made up by the buyer purchasing the bond for less than par value

60
Q

Bonds

What happens when a bond’s market rate is less than the stated rate?

A

Bond will need to sell at a premium in order for buyers to be interested. The difference in market rate vs. the stated is made up by the buyer purchasing the bond for more than par value

61
Q

Bonds

How does accrued interest on a bond affect the purchase price?

A

The total cash that seller receives will be MORE than they normally would (set aside any considerations for premium or discount; they are irrelevant for this point).

Basically; the purchaser of the bonds must give the bond issuer the amount of accrued interest up front.

62
Q

Bonds

When does interest expense start accruing on a bond?

A

When the bonds are issued

63
Q

Bonds

How is an interest payment on a bond calculated?

A

Cash for payment : Stated rate x Face amount

64
Q

Bonds

What amount of interest is expensed on a bond interest payment?

A

Interest expense : effective yield x carrying value

Any difference between expense and cash payment is applied as amortization against premium/discount

65
Q

Bonds

What are convertible bonds? Which recording method is used?

A

Bonds that can be converted to stock

Book value method used if no gain or loss

Market value method used if there is a gain or loss

66
Q

Bonds

How is the retirement of bonds recorded?

A

Gain or Loss is Ordinary

Extraordinary if both unusual and infrequent

67
Q

Bonds

When is a gain recognized in a debt restructuring?

A

If terms are modified; and future payments are now less than the carrying amount of the debt; then a Gain is recognized

68
Q

Bonds

What is the gain recognized under a settlement of debt?

A

Gain recognized:

Difference between cash paid and carrying amount of debt

Difference between non-cash asset given and re-valued at FMV and debt carrying amount

69
Q

Bonds

For a creditor; how is a loan impairment recorded?

A

If future cash flows discounted at loan’s Effective Interest Rate are less than Carrying Value:

Effective Rate calculated using original rate; not modified rate

FAR (18 decks)

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