bonds

Question 1

a column on the periodic table equals..?

Answer 1

the number of valence electrons of an element in that column/group (group 1 (1st column) = 1 valence electron)

Question 2

define an ionic bond

Answer 2

a chemical bond between ions with OPPOSITE charges

Question 3

in which type of bond are electrons “stolen” from 1 atom to another?

Answer 3

ionic bond

Question 4

in which type of bond are electrons shared between atoms?

Answer 4

covalent bond

Question 5

define a covalent bond

Answer 5

a chemical bond between atoms that MUTUAL SHARE electron pairs

Question 6

(covalent bond) electrons are attracted to the LESS or MORE electronegative atom?

Answer 6

electrons are attracted to the MORE electroNEGATIVE atom

Question 7

what is happening in a POLAR covalent bond?

Answer 7

one side of the bond has MORE CHARGE than the other side

Question 8

what is the difference between COVALENT and POLAR covalent bonds?

Answer 8

covalent = equal electron sharing
polar covalent = unequal sharing

Question 9

what bond typically forms between a NONmetal + a METAL?

Answer 9

ionic (stealing e-)

Question 10

what bond typically forms between NONmetals?

Answer 10

covalent (sharing e-)

Question 11

ionic bonds typically form between what type of elements?

Answer 11

nonmetal + metal

Question 12

covalent bonds typically form between what type of elememts?

Answer 12

nonmetals

Question 13

electronegativity measures…?

Answer 13

an atoms ability to ATTRACT shared e- to itself

Question 14

an atom will attract shared electrons when its..?

Answer 14

MORE electronegative than another atom

Question 15

high electronegativity = …?

Answer 15

high electron affinity

Question 16

PARTIAL charges occur in what kind of bonds?

Answer 16

polar covalent

Question 17

FULL FORMAL charges occur in what kind of bonds?

Answer 17

ionic (“stealing” e-)

Question 18

what is VSEPR?

Answer 18

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion

Question 19

what are the 3 forces at play in BOND FORMATION?

Answer 19

1. neg. charged electrons (REPULSION)
2. pos. charged nuclei (REPULSION)
3. neg. electrons + pos. nuclei (ATTRACTION)

Question 20

as the H atoms get _____ __ each other, the systems energy ______.

Answer 20

as the H atoms get CLOSER TO each other, the systems energy LOWERS.

Question 21

the systems MOST STABLE state is achieved at what energy level?

Answer 21

the LOWEST energy level

Question 22

what 2 factors are determined by the systems MOST STABLE state?

Answer 22

1. bond length
2. bond strength

Question 23

what determines the LENGTH + STRENGTH of bonds in a system?

Answer 23

the systems most stable state (at the lowest energy)

Question 24

induction is the _______ of electrons towards the _____ ___________ atom.

Answer 24

induction is the WITHDRAWAL of electrons toward the MORE ELECTRONEG. atom.