Bonding Vocab Flashcards
Valence Electrons
the electrons found in the outermost shell or energy level of an atom.
Electronegativity
an atom’s ability to attract electrons
Octet Rule
tendency of an electron to have 8 electrons in valence shell
Chemical Bonding
atoms combining to form chemical compounds and bring stability
Oxidation Numbers
indicates how many electrons are lost or gained
Ionic Bond
One atom donates its electrons to the other. Between a metal and non-metal. Metal always transfers electrons to non-metal.
Covalent Bond
Two atoms share electrons between two nonmetals.
Metallic Bond
attraction between positive charged metal and the valence electrons it shares with other ions of the metal
Polar Covalent Bond
Both atoms have unequal attraction of electrons, so the sharing is unequal
Non-Polar Covalent Bond
Electrons are shared equally in the bond
Polarity
the distribution of electrical charge among the atoms connected by a bond
Bond Length
the distance between the centers of 2 covalently bonded atoms
Single Bond
a chemical bond between two atoms that involves two valence electrons
Double Bond
a chemical bond between two atoms that involved four valence electrons
Triple Bond
a chemical bond between two atoms that involves six valence electrons
Molecule
two or more atoms connected by chemical bonds
Dipole
A bond or molecule whose ends have opposite charges
Lattice Structure
3D arrangements of ions or atoms in a crystal. Patterns that repeats.
Cation
ion with a positive charge by losing electrons
Anion
ion with a negative charge by gaining electrons
Electron Dot Structure
A representation of the valence electrons of an atom that uses dots around the symbol of an element.
