Bonding strucutre and properties of matter.

Question 1

What are ions?

Answer 1

Charged particles, they can be single atoms or groups of atoms.

Question 2

How do atoms make ions?

Answer 2

They lose or gain electrons to form ions, all they are trying to do is get a full outer shell like a noble gas to get a stable electronic structure.

Question 3

What happens when metals form ions?

Answer 3

They lose electrons from their outer shell to form positive ions.

Question 4

What happens when non-metals form ions?

Answer 4

Gain electrons into their outer shells to form negative ions.

Question 5

What does the number of electrons equal?

Answer 5

Number of electrons lost or gained is the same as the charge on the ion.
eg: if 2 electrons are lost charge is 2+
if 3 electrons are gained the charge is 3-

Question 6

What are the elements that most readily form ions?

Answer 6

Groups 1,2,6 and 7

Question 7

Do group one and two metals lose or gain electrons?

Answer 7

Metals so they lose electrons to form positive ions (Cations)

Question 8

Do Group 6 and 7 elements lose or gain electrons?

Answer 8

Non-metals so they gain electrons to form negative ions called anions.

Question 9

Define ionic bonding.

Answer 9

Metal and a non metal react together the metal atom loses electrons to form a positivley charged ion and the non metal gains these electrons to form negatively charged ion.
these oppositely charged ions are strongly attatched to one another by electrostatic forces.
This attraction is called ionic bond.

Question 10

What do dot and cross diagrams show?

Answer 10

Arrangement of electrons in an atom or ion, each electron is represented by a dot or a cross. They can show which atoms the electrons in an ion originally came from.

Question 11

Disadvantage of dot and cross diagrams.

Answer 11

Don’t show the structure of compound or the size of ions or how they are arranged