Bonding,Structure and Properties Of Matter

Question 1

What are ions?

Answer 1

Charged particles

Question 2

How are ions produced?

Answer 2

Ions are produced when electrons are transferred

Question 3

Why do atoms become ions?

Answer 3

Atoms lose or gain electrons in order to complete their outer shell.

Question 4

What are cations?

Answer 4

Positively charged ions

Question 5

What are anions?

Answer 5

Negatively charged ions.

Question 6

What two substances are required for ionic bonding?

Answer 6

A metal and non-metal.

Question 7

What structure do ionic compounds have?

Answer 7

A regular giant lattice structure.

Question 8

How strong are the electrostatic forces of attraction in a giant lattice?

Answer 8

Strong in all directions.

Question 9

What similar properties do ionic compounds have?

Answer 9

High melting point
High boiling point

Due to the many strong bonds between the ions. More energy is needed to break these bonds.

Question 10

Can ionic compounds conduct electrocity in a solid state?

Answer 10

No.

Question 11

Why can ionic compounds conduct electricity in states other than solid?

Answer 11

The ions are free to move and they’ll carry electricity.

Question 12

What is covalent bonding?

Answer 12

The sharing of electrons between two or more non metal atoms.

Question 13

Why are covalent bonds strong?

Answer 13

The positively charged nuclei of the bonded atoms are attracted to the shared pair of electrons by electrostatic force.

Question 14

What is different about the forces of attraction in simple molecular substances?

Answer 14

They are weak.

Question 15

What are polymers?

Answer 15

Long chains of repeating units.

Question 16

What are giant covalent structures reffered to as?

Answer 16

Macromolecules.

Question 17

Can macromolecules condict electricity?

Answer 17

No as macromolecules do not contain any charged particles.

Question 18

How many covalent bands of carbon does diamond have?

Answer 18

4

Question 19

The strong covalent bonds between carbon allow diamond to have a …… melting point.

Answer 19

Hight

Question 20

How many bonds of carbon does garphite have?

Answer 20

Three

Question 21

What is special about graphite?

Answer 21

Graphite contains sheets of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagon shape.

Question 22

What does graphene have in common with graphite?

Answer 22

Graphene is a single sheet of carbon atom arranged in a hexagonal shape.

Question 23

What is metallic bonding?

Answer 23

The bonding of two or metals that involve delocalised electrons.

Question 24

What is special about the electrons on the outer shell pf metals?

Answer 24

They are delocalised.

Question 25

How do metallic structures hold themselves together?

Answer 25

The positively charged metal ions are attracted to the negatively charged shared electrons.

Question 26

Why are metals solid at room temperature?

Answer 26

The electrostatic force between the positive metal and negative delocalised electrons is very strong. therefore alot of energy is required.

Question 27

Why are metals good conductors of heat and electricity?

Answer 27

The delocalised electrons carry electrical and thermal energy through the structure.

Question 28

What does malleable mean?

Answer 28

When metals are able to be bent, hammered or rolled.

Question 29

Why are metals malleable?

Answer 29

They layers of atoms in a metal slide over each other.

Question 30

Why are pure metals not able to be used in every day work?

Answer 30

They’re often too weak and soft.

Question 31

How can metals be enhances?

Answer 31

Metals can be mixed with other metals to make them harder. This called an alloy.

Question 32

What are nanoparticles?

Answer 32

Really tiny particles.