Bonding, structure and properties of matter Flashcards
How are electrons moved in ionic bonding?
They are transferred
How are covalent electrons moved in bonding?
They are shared
What kind of elements are involved in covalent bonding?
Non-metal and a non-metal
What kind of elements are involved in ionic bonding?
Non-metal and a metal
What kind of elements are involved in an alloy?
Metal and a metal
What are the three rules of covalent bonding?
- non-metal atoms
- sharing of electrons in pairs
- full outer shells makes the compound stable
What is it called when an atom has a full outer shell?
A noble gas
If an atom looses 2 electrons what would it’s charge be?
2+
What is the diagram that shows ionic bonds called?
Dot and cross
What 4 properties do all ionic compounds share?
- they all have high melting and boiling points, due to many strong bonds between the ions
- when they’re solid they don’t conduct electricity
- when they melt they do conduct electricity
- they dissolve easily in water
What is the force called that makes covalent bonds very strong?
Electrostatic forces
Why is diamond very hard? Can it conduct electricity? Why?
Because each carbon atom forms strong bonds with 4 other carbon atoms. It can’t conduct electricity because it has no free electrons.
Why is graphite soft? Does it conduct electricity? Why?
It is soft because it has multiple layers which can slide past each other, there is no covalent bonds between the layers only weak intermolecular forces therefore making it very weak. Graphite conducts electricity because only 3 electrons per carbon atom is used for bonding, so there is one that is free to move and carry a charge throughout the structure.
What are the properties of most metals?
- most metals are solid at room temperature
- all metals are good conductors of heat and electricity
- most metals are malleable
- very few metals are magnetic
Do metals get softer or harder when bonded with another metal? Why?
They do get harder, this is because different metals have different sized atoms. So when another metal is mixed with a pure one it will distort layers.
