Bonding Structure And Properties Of Matter

Question 1

1. What type of elements combine to form ionic compounds?
2. In terms of electrons, describe what happens in ionic bonding?
3. Draw a diagram to show how a sodium atom turns into a sodium ion
4. Draw a diagram to show how an oxygen atom turns into an oxygen ion
5. Name the force of attraction between positive and negative ions
6. Which groups in the Periodic Table form ions most easily?

Answer 1

1. Metals and non metals
2. Metals gain non metals loose
3. Ionic bond
4. 7

Question 2

1. What type of structure do ionic compounds have?
2. Name 3 properties of ionic compounds
3. Describe the structure in an ionic compound

Answer 2

1. Giant ionic lattice
2. High melting and boiling point, conduct electricity when molten or dissolved, hard, good insulators
3. Alternating positive and negative ions

Question 3

1. What is meant by the empirical formula of a compound?
2. Describe how to work out the empirical formula from a dot-cross diagram of an ionic compound
3. Example: use the diagram below to work out the empirical formulae of magnesium chloride
4. Describe how to work out the empirical formula from a 3D diagram of an ionic lattice

Answer 3

1. The chemical formula showing the simplest ratio of elements
2. Adding and calculating
3. Cubes

Question 4

1. What types of element combine to form covalent compounds?

2. How are covalent bonds formed?

Answer 4

1. Metals

2. The electronegativities is too small for an electron transfer to occur

Question 5

1. Name two types of covalent compounds?
2. Name 3 examples of simple molecular compounds.
3. Give 4 properties of simple molecular compounds.
4. Explain why simple molecular compounds have low melting points and boiling points?

Answer 5

1. Giant ionic and simple molecular
2. Hydrogen, Water, Methane
3. Molten or gas at room temperature, can not conduct electricity, can conduct heat.
4. Molten or gas at room temperature

Question 6

1. What is a fullerene?
2. Name the first fullerene discovered
3. What is graphene?
4. What are nanotubes?
5. Why are nanotubes useful?

Answer 6

1. A carbon atom where molecules are connected by single or double bonds
2. Calcium fluorine
3. Allotrope of carbon arranged in a 2d hexagon lattice nano structure
4. Small tubes
5. They are tough and can be stretched

Question 7

1. What type of substances are plastics?
2. Describe the structure of polymers
3. Explain why polymers are solids at room temperature

Answer 7

1. Polymers
2. Long chains of repeating molecules
3. Intermolecular forces are very strong