Bonding, structure and properties Flashcards
What do atoms want
Atoms want a full outer shell and to do this they bond with other atoms
Name the three types of bonding
Ionic bonding between a metal and non-metal
Covalent bonding between non-metals
Metallic between metals
What structure does metallic bonding produce and how does this link to properties
Between a metal ad another metal
Forms regular tightly packed lattice
Outer electrons are de-localized and form a sea of electrons
Held together by strong electrostatic attraction force between the positive ions and negative sea
What structure does covalent produce and how does this link to properties
Simple covalent have inter-atomic bonds but very weka inter-molecular bonds between the molecules so can be melted easily
The molecules contain only a few atoms
Does not conduct electricity because no free electrons or ions
Giant covalent
Millions of atoms joined together by strong covalent bonds
High melting point due to strong covalent bonds
Only conducts when graphite
What structure does ionic produce and how does this link to properties
Produces Ionic lattice
electrons in outer shell are transferred (non metal gains electron and becomes -)
Strongly attracted by electrostatic force
What four substances can carbon form
Diamond
Graphite
Buckminsterfullerene
Graphene
Features of diamond
Giant covalent 4 bonds per atom very hard and strong strong covalent bonds no de-localised
Features of graphite
Giant covalent
3 bonds per atoms
has de-localised elctrons
strong inter-atomic but weak inter-molecular meaning it slides
Features of Buckminsterfullerene
Simple molecular
3 bonds
Graphene
Giant covalent
3 bonds
has de-localised electrons
What are the properties of nano particles
10 to the -9 metres
different properties to bulk materials due to larger surface area
