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Honors Chemistry 10 > Bonding Review > Flashcards

Bonding Review Flashcards

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1
Q

Chemical Bonding

A

2+ atoms bond together to make a stable compound that has LOWER energy than the atoms

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2
Q

Stable

A

Atom has a full valence (outer) shell, and will NOT bond (noble gases)

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3
Q

Unstable

A

Atom’s valence shell is not full (less than 8 atoms), and will bond with other atoms

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4
Q

Compound Formation

A

Occurs when 2 atoms of different elements bond, and they will keep doing so until it is stable

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5
Q

2 Types of Bonds

A

Ionic and Covalent

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6
Q

Ionic Bonds

A

Between a metal and non-metal, ionic bonds gain/lose electrons, cations and anions typically form ionic bonds

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7
Q

Ion

A

Charged atom. + charged= cation (less electrons) - charged= anion (more electrons) Metals form cations, nonmetals form anions

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8
Q

Ionic Compounds

A

Make CRYSTALLINE solids, HIGH melting and boiling points, conduct when dissolved in water, not soluble in nonpolar liquid unlike in water

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9
Q

Covalent Bonds

A

Between nonmetal and nonmetal, elements close in electronegativity tend to form covalent bonds, these bonds SHARE electrons (shared e- don’t belong to either atom)

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10
Q

Covalent Compounds

A

Gases/liquids/solids, LOW melting and boiling points, poor conductors in all phases, most soluble in nonpolar liquid but not water

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11
Q

Electronegativity

A

The attraction of an atom for shared e-, increase from L to R, high for nonmetals, low for metals

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12
Q

Electronegativity Difference

A

0.4 or under= Nonpolar Covalent Bond, 1.7 or under= Polar Covalent Bond, anything higher= Ionic Bond

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13
Q

Sharing of Electrons

A

Equal sharing in nonpolar covalent bond, unequal sharing in polar covalent bond

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14
Q

Nonpolar Covalent Bonds

A

Between nonmetals, equal or almost equal sharing of e-, low electronegativity difference (0.0 to 0.4)

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15
Q

Polar Covalent Bonds

A

Occurs between nonmetals, unequal sharing of electrons, moderate electronegativity difference (0.5 to 1.7)

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16
Q

Ionic Bonds

A

Between metal and nonmetal ions, result of electron transfer, large electronegativity difference (1.8 +)

17
Q

Type vs. Electronegativity

A

While a compound might appear to be ionic (or covalent), it could actually be a different compound based off of electronegativity

18
Q

Range and Categorization

A
  1. 4 and under: nonpolar covalent
  2. 5-1.7: polar covalent
  3. 8 +: ionic

Honors Chemistry 10 (1 decks)

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