Bonding & Isomerism Flashcards
Describe electrons
Have -@ charge, location is outside nucleus
Describe protons
Have +1 and located in nucleus
Describe neutrons
Have no charge, located inside nucleus
What is the mass of an atom due to
Nucleus and hence protons and neutrons
What is volume of atoms due to
Electrons
Isotopes
Have different number of neutrons but same number of protons. They have same chemical properties due to same number of electrons
Atomic number
Number of protons or electrons in an atom
Mass number
The number of protons and neutrons in an atom
Octet rule
Atoms tend to gain,lose, or share electrons to attain a noble gas configuration
Result of ionic bonding
An array of lattice of positive and negative ions packed so attractive forces between opposing charges are maximized and repulsive forces between opposing charges are minimized
Ionic bond length
The sum of the atomic radii of the two atoms
Covalent bond length
Shorter than the sum of the radii of the two atoms due to the overlap of orbitals
Arrange double single and triple bonds in terms of shortest to longest
Triple, double, single
Polar covalent bond
A middle ground where electrons are shared but not equally
Why is the electron cloud not rigid enough in an ionic bond
As a result of the positive charge of the cation which draws the electrons towards it, distorting the shape of the electron density
