Bonding - intermolecular forces Flashcards
which substance have intermolecular forces between molecules
simple molecules
are intermolecular forces strong or weak
weak
what are the 3 types of intermolecular forces
Hydrogen bonding
permeant diploe diploe
induced dipole dipole
which is the strongest type of intermolecular forces
hydrogen bonding
which is the weakest type of intermolecular forces
induced dipole dipole
when is a molecule non polar
molecules is symmetrical, diploes cancel out
when is the molecule polar
molecule is not symmetrical, dipoles do not cancel out
when substance with a simple molecular structure are melted or boiled what is broken
weak intermolecular forces
do simple molecules have a high melting point or a low melting point
Low. the weak intermolecular forces between molecules are broken
what is the strongest intermolecular force between polar molecule
permanent dipole-dipole
what is the strongest intermolecular force between non polar molecule
induced dipole dipole
what is the strongest intermolecular force between simple molecules that have a H bonded to an N O or F
Hydrogen bonding
how do you know if molecules have hydrogen bonding between them
they have H bonded to an N,O or F
a lone pair of electrons on the F, O or N
hydrogen bonding is the strongest type of intermolecular forces
true
induced dipole dipole is the weakest type of intermolecular forces
true
explain how is an induced dipole dipole intermolecular force is formed between 2 non polar molecules
random movement of electrons in one molecule (atom) leads to an uneven distribution of electrons creating a
temporary diploe in one molecule (atom) this
induces a dipole in a neighboring molecule (atom)
dipoles attract
is the strongest intermolecular force between molecule is hydrogen bonding which other intermolecular forces do they have
permeant dipole dipole
induced dipole dipole
is the strongest intermolecular force between molecule is permanent dipole dipole which other intermolecular forces do they have
induced dipole dipole
Non-polar molecules only have induced dipole dipole force s between molecules true or false
true
what increases the strength of induced dipole dipole forces
more electrons
more surface contact area
which has stronger induces dipole dipole Cl2 or Br2
Br2 it has more electrons
which has stronger induces dipole dipole F2 or I2
I2 as it has more electrons
which has stronger induces dipole dipole S8 or P4
P4 as its a bigger molecule has more electrons
which has stronger induces dipole dipole C3H8 or C4H10
C4H10 bigger molecule has more electrons
which has higher boiling point Cl2 or Br2
Br2 has more electrons so stronger induced dipole dipole
which has higher boiling point F2 or I2
I2 it has more electrons so stronger induced dipole dipole
is CCl4 polar or non polar
(draw it)
Non polar
symmetrical molecule
dipoles cancel out
is CHCl3 polar or non polar molecule
(draw it)
polar
not symmetrical molecule
dipole do not cancel out
why does HBr have a higher melting point than HCl
Both polar molecules
strongest intermolecular forces is permeant dipole dipole
they will also have induced dipole dipole
HBr has more electrons than HCl
stronger induced dipole dipole attraction
why does HI have higher melting point than HCl
Both polar molecules
strongest intermolecular forces is permeant dipole dipole
they will also have induced dipole dipole
HBr has more electrons than HCl
stronger induced dipole dipole attraction
why does HI have higher boiling point than HF
Both polar molecules
strongest intermolecular forces is permeant dipole dipole
they will also have induced dipole dipole
HBr has more electrons than HCl
stronger induced dipole dipole attraction
why does HI have higher boiling point than HF
Both polar molecules
strongest intermolecular forces is permeant dipole dipole
they will also have induced dipole dipole
HBr has more electrons than HCl
stronger induced dipole dipole attraction
would the molecule be polar or non polar is it is symmetrical and dipoles cancel out
non polar
would the molecule be polar or non polar if is not symmetrical and dipole do not cancel out
polar
which molecules would have a higher melting point?
molecules with hydrogen bonding or induced dipole dipole forced
hydrogen bonding as it requires more energy to break the intermolecular forces
correct the following statement:
simple molecules have low melting point as they have intermolecular forces which require less energy to break tph bond
simple molecules have low melting points as they have intermolecular forces BETWEEN MOLECULES which require less energy to break the FORCE
correct the following statement: Cl2 has lower boiling point than Has induced dipole diploe forces and HF has hydrogen bonding. induced dipole dipole is weaker than hydrogen bonding less energy is required to break the bond between Cl2
Cl2 has lower boiling point that HF. Cl2 has induced dipole dipole forces between molecules and HF has hydrogen bonding between molecules induced dipole dipole forces are weaker than hydrogen bonding less energy is required to the break the force between Cl
how does permeant dipole dipole arise
difference in electronegativity leads to bond polarity
dipole can cancel therefore the molecules has an overall permanet dipole
there is an attraction between s+(delta h) on one molecule and s- (delta h) on another
