Bonding exam qs

Question 1

magnesium has a higher melting point than sodium

Answer 1

because mg has more protons so it attracts delocalised electrons more strongly

Question 2

iodine has

Answer 2

covalent bonds between the atoms and vdw between molecules

Question 3

explain the origin of these charges

Answer 3

dipole results from electronegativity difference

Question 4

why’s ice less dense than water

Answer 4

molecules in ice are more spread out

Question 5

when drawing oxygen

Answer 5

2 lone pairs

Question 6

flourine

Answer 6

3 lone pairs

Question 7

the bigger difference in electronegativity

Answer 7

more polar the bond will be

Question 8

point of specific angles

Answer 8

bonds repel equally with each other
want to be far apart as possible

Question 9

Explain why a fluoride ion is larger than a sodium ion

Answer 9

Fluoride ion has (two) fewer protons
Weaker attraction between nucleus and (outer) electrons

Question 10

how to explain shapes (in shapes of molecules)

Answer 10

1. State BP AND LP
2. State that electron pairs repel and try to get as far apart as possible
3. If there are** no lone pairs** state that the electron pairs repel equally
4. If there are lone pairs of electrons, then state that lone pairs repel more than
   bonding pairs.
5. State actual shape and bond angle.**

Question 11

nitrogen

Answer 11

1 BP