Bonding Ect.

Question 0

ZONC 2/4 + angle

Answer 0

Bent (v shaped) 109

Question 1

Group 7 Elements

Answer 1

Halogens

Question 2

Metallic Bonding

Answer 2

The strong electrostatic force of attraction between positive ions and delocalised electrons that make up a metal

Question 3

Melting point pp rule

Answer 3

The stronger the bond strength between particles, the more heat energy required to break it, thus the higher melting point

Question 5

Electrostatic attraction

Answer 5

The attraction between positively charged and negatively charged particles

Question 6

Polarity pp rule

Answer 6

Polar substances dissolve in polar solvents where non polar substances dissolve in non polar solvents

Question 7

Group 8 Elements

Answer 7

Inert gases , Nobel gases

Question 7

Isotope

Answer 7

Atoms of the same element but with different mass numbers

Question 8

Electricity’s charged particles

Answer 8

Free moving delocalised electrons (as in metals) , mobile ions (as in molten or dissolved ionic substances)

Question 9

Diamond

Answer 9

Carbon atoms , covalent

Question 10

Solid structures

Answer 10

Lattice (network) , Molecular

Question 11

Intramolecular Forces

Answer 11

The forces within the molecules are the covalent bonds linking atoms in individual molecules. These forces are very strong

Question 12

Covalent Networks

Answer 12

Where all atoms in a three dimensional network are held together by strong covalent bonds.

Question 13

ZONC 4/4 + angle

Answer 13

Tetrahedral 109

Question 14

Bond strength

Answer 14

The stronger the bond between particles, the more heat required to break it - thus the higher it’s melting point

Question 15

Ionic Solids

Answer 15

Ions attract each other electrostatically, so that each is surrounded by a group of oppositely charged ions forming a stable three dimensional lattice

Question 15

Molecular Solids (discrete molecular substances)

Answer 15

Solids made of separate molecules packed together. There are two forces present - intramolecular and intermolecular

Question 17

Bond Strength

Answer 17

The stronger the bond, the higher it’s melting point and boiling point

Question 18

Metallic Solids

Answer 18

Metals consist of a three dimensional array of metal atoms and delocalised electrons moving freely through the lattice.

Question 19

Non-Polar Covalent Bond

Answer 19

Formed by equal (or nearly equal) sharing of electrons between two non metal or metalloid atoms

Question 20

ZONC 3/3 + angle

Answer 20

Triangular planar 120

Question 21

Polar Covalent Bond

Answer 21

Formed by the uneven sharing of electrons between two non metals or metalloids

Question 22

ZONC 3/4 + angle

Answer 22

Trigonal pyramid 109

Question 23

Allotrope

Answer 23

Different physical form of element

Question 24

Particle Charge

Answer 24

A substance is able to conduct electricity if charged particles are free to move

Question 25

Ionic Bond

Answer 25

Formed by the transfer of electrons from a metal to a non metal

Question 26

Particles (6)

Answer 26

Protons , neutrons , electrons , atoms , molecules , ions

Question 27

Electron Shells

Answer 27

Energy levels

Question 28

Rule of distribution of electrons

Answer 28

Octet rule

Question 29

Intermolecular Forces

Answer 29

The forces between the molecules link individual molecules to each other. These forces are very week and determine the physical properties of discrete molecular substances.

Question 30

Hydrated ions

Answer 30

Separated ions surrounded by water molecules Written as (aq) after symbol

Question 32

Conductivity pp rule

Answer 32

A substance is able to conduct electricity charged particles are free to move

Question 34

Conductivity

Answer 34

A substance can conduct electricity if charged particles are free to move

Question 35

ZONC 2/2 + angle

Answer 35

Linear 180

Question 36

ZONC 2/3 + angle

Answer 36

Bent (v shaped) 120

Question 37

Repulsion statement

Answer 37

These zones repel to give maximum separation

Question 38

Electronegativity difference

Answer 38

The difference in the pull of bonded atoms on the electrons they share

Question 39

Electronegative scale

Answer 39

``` F or O ur Cl ass N asty Br ehaut C an't H elp ```

Question 40

Dipole

Answer 40

Charge separation that occurs across the polar bond

Question 41

Solubility in ionic substances

Answer 41

The strong ionic bonds holding ions together are overcome by attraction between the ions and the polar water molecules. The ions separate. The separated ions are surrounded by water molecules to form hydrated ions.

Question 42

Ionic solubility pp rule

Answer 42

The amount of lattice energy required to break up an ionic lattice so that hydrated ions can be produced, varies for different ionic compounds.

Question 43

Ionic solubility rule pt 2 (insoluble)

Answer 43

Ionic compounds are insoluble if more energy is required to separate the ions, than can be gained by forming hydrated ions.

Question 44

Ionic solubility rule pt 2 (soluble)

Answer 44

Ionic compounds are soluble if there is sufficient energy to separate the ions in the ionic lattice to form hydrated ions.